基于LBM的发射装置阀口结构多目标优化

Multi-objective Optimization of Valve Port Structure of Launcher Based on LBM

为了优化发射装置内部的阀口结构,减小发射过程中峰值负载,提高发射装置的可靠性与稳定性,针对发射装置中的阀口部件,采用正交试验设计,基于格子玻尔兹曼法(LBM)进行了仿真研究。分析进口角度α、出口角度β、通孔长度L和通孔面积S对峰值负载及出筒速度的影响,得出各因素与响应之间的响应模型。进而,针对不同出筒速度需求,根据所得曲线模型选取弹药所受峰值负载最小时的阀口结构参数,保证弹药发射过程的稳定。对通过此法选出的阀口进行仿真验证,与优化前数据对比,结果表明:优化后阀口结构参数为α=β=45°,L=27.5 mm,S=170 mm^(2),弹药所受峰值负载降至6 428.4 N,减小了20.15%,低压室最大压强降至0.807 7 MPa,减小了21.42%,出筒速度降低至22.4 m/s,仅减小9.49%。由此可见,优化后弹药最大负载降低明显而出筒速度降低幅值较小,故优化效果显著且方案可行。

In order to optimize the valve port structure in the launching device,reduce the peak load during the launching process,and improve the reliability and stability of the launching device,the orthogonal experimental design and lattice Boltzmann method were used for simulation research aiming at the valve port components in the launcher.The influences of inlet angleα,outlet angleβ,through hole length L and through hole area S on the peak load and exit speed were analyzed,and the response model between each factor and response was obtained.Then,according to the requirements of different exit-speeds and the obtained curve-model,the structural parameters of the valve port with the lowest peak load on the ammunition were selected to ensure the stability of the ammunition launching process.The valve port selected by this method was simulated and verified,and compared with the data before optimization.The results show that the structural parameters of the valve port after optimization areα=β=45°,L=27.5 mm,S=170 mm^(2);the peak load on the ammunition is reduced to 6428.4 N,a decrease of 20.15%;the maximum pressure in the low-pressure chamber is reduced to 0.8077 MPa,a decrease of 21.42%;the exit speed is reduced to 22.4 m/s,a decrease of only 9.49%.After optimization,the peak load of the ammunition is significantly reduced,and the reduction amplitude of the exit speed is small.The optimization effect is significant,and the scheme is feasible.