新时期我国林草业的使命及其转型发展战略的思考

Thoughts on the Strategy of China’s Forestry and Grassland Mission and Transformation Development in the New Era

十八大以来,在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的指引下,我国生态文明建设蓬勃发展,美丽中国建设迈出重大步伐,生态环境建设发生了历史性、转折性、全局性变化,走出了一条生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的社会文明发展道路。当前,我国的社会经济已经由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展的新阶段,生态产品短缺已成为我国与发达国家的主要差距,生态环境问题已成为制约我国社会经济高质量发展的主要瓶颈。生态文明建设正处在压力叠加、负重前行的关键期,已经进入提供更多优质生态产品以满足人民日益增长的优美生态环境需要的攻坚期,也到了有条件有能力解决生态环境突出问题的窗口期。森林、草地及湿地等生态基础设施是国家生态安全的“压舱石”,是治理生态环境、保护人类栖息地以及实现美丽中国梦和人类命运共同体的绿色根基。新时代,我国林草业发展也将进入“肩负国家生态基础设施建设使命、统筹生态系统五库(种库、水库、碳库、粮库、钱库)功能、近自然经管国家生态资产、保障国家生态安全”的新时期。本文在分析了我国林草业历史及新时期转型发展的新使命基础上,认为我国林草业发展需要落实“五库统筹、近自然经管、筑牢国家生态基础设施”的转型发展新战略,并由此提出了推动我国林草业转型发展的8项措施,期望能够起到“抛砖引玉”之功效,激起“学术争鸣”之浪潮,为推动国家生态基础设施建设、生态资产监管及生态经济产业的发展提供科学依据,为国家生态文明建设和社会经济可持续发展做出新贡献。

China's ecological civilization has thrived under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.The construction of beautiful China has taken major steps,and the restoration of ecological environment seen historic,transitional and overall changes.We have opened up a path of civilized social development featuring a balance among production,life and ecology.At present,Chinese economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development.In the new stage,the shortage of ecological products has become a main gap between China and developed countries,and eco-environmental problems have become the main bottleneck restricting the high-quality development of China's society and economy.The construction of ecological civilization is shouldering superimposed pressure and heavy burdens.This is a critical period when more high-quality ecological products are supplied to meet the people's growing demand for a beautiful ecological environment.Now,we have the conditions and abilities to solve prominent ecological problems.Ecological infrastructure such as forests,grasslands and wetlands is the"ballast stone"for national ecological security,and the green foundation for improving the ecological environment,protecting human habitats,and realizing the"beautiful China"dream and a community with a shared future for mankind.In the new era,China's forestry and grassland sector will"shoulder the missions of national ecological infrastructure construction,coordinating the five-pool functions of the ecosystem(species pool,water pool,carbon pool,food pool,and money pool),supervising national ecological assets close to nature,and ensuring national ecological security".This paper,on the basis of analyzing the missions of China's forestry and grassland sector in history and in the new stage,proposes that the development of China's forestry and grassland sector requires carrying out the"carbon sink leadership,five-pool coordination,close-to-nature management,and reinforcement of national ecological infrastructure"transformation strategy.Moreover,the paper puts forward eight measures to promote the transformation and development of China's forestry and grassland sector in the hope that they can inspire better and diversified ideas in the academic circle.Thus,scientific basis will be provided for China's ecological infrastructure construction,ecological assets supervision and development of ecological economic industries,and new contributions will be made to the national ecological civilization construction and sustainable social and economic development.