互联网嵌入方式对新创企业绩效的影响机制——创业学习的中介作用

The Influence Mechanism of Internet Embedding Method on the Performance of New Ventures:The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Learning

新创企业在创业过程中仅依靠现有知识和资源难以应对外界环境变化,无法弥补自身新生劣势。对新创企业而言,通过互联网嵌入与创业学习提升企业绩效,既是机遇也是挑战。因此,以创业学习为中介变量,探讨不同互联网嵌入方式对新创企业绩效的影响,并基于346家新创企业调查数据进行实证检验。结果发现:互联网社群嵌入与互联网媒体嵌入对新创企业绩效具有正向影响。创业学习在互联网社群嵌入、互联网媒体嵌入与新创企业绩效间起部分中介作用。在互联网社群嵌入情景下,认知学习对新创企业生存绩效的中介作用更显著,而经验学习对新创企业成长绩效的中介作用更显著;在互联网媒体嵌入情景下,实践学习对新创企业生存和成长绩效的中介作用更显著。

The continuous development of the Internet has had a huge impact on social life and production methods.Its inte-gration with different industries has driven the development of related industries.Innovation and entrepreneurship have been stimulated with new vitality in the Internet age.Entrepreneurs'application of the Internet is an effective way to a-chieve innovation and entrepreneurial performance growth.In the Internet era,the Internet has become an indispensable medium for entrepreneurs to obtain information and resources,and it has also become a breakthrough for enterprises to in-novate and make profits.Various examples in real life show that the popularization and application of the Internet not only provides more business opportunities,but also helps entrepreneurs to obtain information and resources related to entrepre-neurship in the process of starting a business,and helps the survival and development of entrepreneurial enterprises.Sus-tained entrepreneurial activities and good enterprise development can effectively improve the regional economic activity and play a positive role in improving the imbalanced regional economic development.The overall influence of the Internet on entrepreneurial activities has also attracted the attention of many scholars to conduct research centering on the identifica-tion of entrepreneurial opportunities,the improvement of social capital,resource integration,business model innovation,etc.to lay a solid theory for follow-up research.New businesses usually lack resources and full legitimacy,and they have low social acceptance.These are the main factors hindering the performance of new companies.With the development of Internet technology and economic globalization,the rapid changes in consumer demand and the acceleration of technologi-cal upgrading,the external environment for entrepreneurship has become increasingly complex with intense market com-petition,which is both an opportunity and a challenge for entrepreneurs and new start-ups.In order to seize opportunities and meet challenges,entrepreneurs need to keep learning,increase knowledge reserves,and solve the problem of survival disadvantages of new entrepreneurial enterprises.But where to learn,that is,the acquisition of knowledge sources,has become an important factor affecting the learning of entrepreneurs.For entrepreneurs,communication and access to information resources are the main values of the Internet for their entrepreneurial activities.Entrepreneurs can not only establish or join communities,obtain information and resources through interaction with other individuals in the community,but also search,browse and download required materials on Internet media platforms.However,in the previous research on the relationship between personal Internet embeddedness and entrepreneurial activities,the relationship between Internet embeddedness and entrepreneurial activities was mostly explained from the perspective of personal embeddedness.Research from a single angle will lead to simplification of con-clusions,which is not conducive to the development of entrepreneurial research.Therefore,it is urgent to explore the im-pact of Internet embeddedness on entrepreneurial activities from different perspectives.This study believes that entrepre-neurs'Internet embedding and entrepreneurial learning have an important impact on the performance improvement of new ventures,and construct the conceptual model from the perspective of Internet embedding methods.It uses empirical re-search methods to explore the impact of entrepreneurial Internet embedding on the performance of new ventures,as well as the mediating role of entrepreneurial learning.On the basis of drawing on mature scales at home and abroad,this paper makes appropriate modifications according-ly,designs the questionnaire,and conducts a questionnaire survey by combining online and offline methods to carry out empirical research.The results show that both Internet community embedding and Internet media embedding have a posi-tive impact on the performance of new ventures.Entrepreneurial learning plays a partial mediating role between Internet media embedding and new venture performance.In the embedded model of the Internet community,the mediating effect of cognitive learning on the survival performance of new startups,the mediating effect of experiential learning on the growth performance of new startups,and the mediating effects of enterprise survival and growth performance are more significant.