云产硃砂烟的化学特征研究

Study on Chemical Characteristics of Yunnan Cherry-red Tobacco

[目的]分析云产硃砂烟(云烟97变异株)的化学特征,为硃砂烟的培育、调制、生产和研发提供依据。[方法]选取云烟97和云产硃砂烟为研究对象,通过连续流动分析仪、超高效液相−质谱法、热重和热解−气相色谱−质谱联用等检测方法,对比分析云烟97和硃砂烟的常规化学成分、6种生物碱和热解产物的差异。[结果](1)硃砂烟的总氮、还原糖和氯离子含量高于云烟97,其中,硃砂烟的氯离子含量是云烟97的4.92倍;(2)硃砂烟的烟碱含量(4876μg/g)远低于云烟97的烟碱含量(19258μg/g),而硃砂烟的降烟碱、麦斯明和可替宁含量高于云烟97;(3)硃砂烟可热解出较多的酸类、酯类、酮类和碱类等香气成分。[结论]云产硃砂烟的糯米香气与热解产生的降烟碱、二烯烟碱、麦斯明、2,3′-联吡啶、2-(3-吡啶基)1H-吡咯、N-丙基去甲烟碱、糠醇、5-羟甲基糠醛和2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮密切相关。

[Purpose]To analyze the chemical characteristics of cherry-red tobacco providing basis for the cultivation,curing,production and research of cherry-red tobacco.[Methods]Comparative analysis of conventional chemical composition,six alkaloids and pyrolysis in Yunyan97 tobacco and Yunnan cherry-red tobacco through the equipments and methods refer to the continuous flow analyz-er, ultra high performance liquid-mass spectroscopy and thermogravimetric and pyrolysis gas chroma-tography-mass spectrometry. [Results]1) The content of total nitrogen, reducing sugars and chlor-ide ions in cherry-red tobacco were higher than those in Yunyan97, and the content of chloride ions in cherry-red tobacco was 4.92 times that in Yunyan97. 2) The content of nicotine in cherry-red tobacco (4 876 μg/g) was lower than that in Yunyan97 (19 258 μg/g), while the content of nornicotinine, me-smine and cotinine were higher than those in Yunyan97. 3) Cherry-red tobacco could be pyrolyzed to produce acid, ester, ketone and alkali aroma components.[ Conclusion] The smell like glutinous rice fragrant of Yunnan cherry-red tobacco is closely related to the contents of nornicotine, die-nonicotine, mesmin, 2,3′-bipyridine, 2-(3-pyridinyl) 1H-pyrrole, N-propyl nornicotine, furfuryl alco-hol, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyrane-4-one produced by pyrolysis.