袁宏道“性灵说”之佛学渊源

The Buddhist Origin of Yuan Hongdao's"Xing Ling Theory"

袁宏道参禅习佛,受佛学思想影响极深。禅宗“物格”公案是袁宏道由“外参”到“内悟”的重要契机,这对其“性灵说”有着深刻启示。在文学发生方面,有得于禅宗心性论,袁宏道强调主体心性的地位和作用,主张创作主体自由抒发真情真性;在心物关系方面,受永明延寿“一心统万法”思想影响,袁宏道提出“以心摄境”。佛学思想对袁宏道“性灵”思想的形成多有沾溉。

Yuan Hongdao was deeply influenced by Buddhist thought as he studied Zen and Buddhism.The"Wu Ge"koan in Zen Buddhism was an important opportunity for Yuan Hongdao to move from"external participation"to"internal enlightenment".This was a profound inspiration for his"Xing Ling theory".In terms of literary occurrence,Yuan Hongdao,who has gained from the Zen's mind and nature theory,emphasized the status and role of the subject's mind and nature and advocated the freedom of the creative subject to express his true feelings and true nature.In terms of the relationship between mind and matter,influenced by Yongming Yanshou's"Yi Xin Tong Wan Fa",Yuan Hongdao put forward the idea of"Yi Xin She Jing".Buddhist thought had a lot to do with the formation of Yuan Hongdao's idea of"Xing Ling theory".