文化遗产旅游开发中利益主体协同特征研究--基于乡村振兴和全域旅游的视角

Study on the Cooperative Characteristics of Stakeholders in the Development of Cultural Heritage Tourism:Based on the Perspective of Rural Revitalization and All-for-one Tourism

明确的任务体系和协同管理思路是文化遗产旅游可持续开发关键。文章通过剖析乡村振兴和全域旅游战略核心文件,梳理两者对文化遗产旅游开发的具体任务和涉及利益主体,构建了以任务为中心的利益主体协同网络,并以海龙屯为例进行协同特征分析。研究发现:两大战略对文化遗产旅游开发存在3类16项任务,涉及9个利益主体。海龙屯旅游开发中,利益主体对“开发”类任务投入高于“挖掘”“保护”类,与战略要求不符。但各主体工作投入量和有效贡献与战略要求基本一致,仅景区管理方存在溢出。主体间协同强度也与战略要求基本吻合,仅社区居民表现更为积极。此外,各主体在开发中已形成“经济”“环境”和“社会”3个利益群体。最后,文章提出制定目标框架等建议。

A clear task system and coordination path are the key to promote sustainable development of cultural heritage tourism.This paper,from the perspective of rural revitalization and all-for-one tourism development,analyzed the specific task requirements and stakeholders involved,and built a task-centered collaborative network of stakeholders.After which,the task commitments and collaborative characteristics of stakeholders were analyzed by taking the world cultural heritage Hailong Military Outpost as an example.The main conclusions are as follows:There are 3 types of 16 tasks and 9 stakeholders involved in the cultural heritage tourism development requested by the two strategies.In actual development of Hailong Military Outpost,stakeholders put much more emphasis on the"cultural heritage development"than"cultural heritage discovery"and"cultural heritage protection",which deviates from the requirements of the two major strategies.However,both the actual input and effective contribution of stakeholders and the intensity of cooperation among them are basically consistent with the requirements,except for the work spillover of management department of scenic areas and the more positive cooperative behavior of residents.In addition,the 9 stakeholders involved come to be divided into three interest groups,representing economic interests,environmental interests and social interests.Finally,suggestions such as establishing a goal framework and so on were put forward.