感染青枯病与黑胫病烟株的根际土壤、根及茎秆微生物代谢特征分析

Metabolic characteristics of microorganisms in rhizosphere soil,roots,and stalks of tobacco plants infected with bacterial wilt and black shank

为明确感染青枯病、黑胫病烟株的根际土壤、根及茎秆中微生物代谢特征,采用Biolog-ECO代谢表型技术研究了微生物群落对6类31种碳源的代谢情况。结果表明:①同一烟株的根际土壤、根、茎秆中微生物的碳源代谢能力依次减弱;烟株感病后根和根际土壤中微生物对6类碳源的利用率无显著变化,茎秆微生物对多聚物类、氨基酸类和酚类碳源的利用率提高。②感染青枯病、黑胫病烟株根和根际土壤微生物均能代谢31种碳源;感染青枯病烟株茎秆微生物对除2-羟基苯甲酸以外的30种碳源均能正常代谢;感染黑胫病烟株茎秆微生物不能代谢D-甘露醇、葡萄糖-1-磷酸盐、D-葡萄糖胺酸等10种碳源。③感染黑胫病烟株的根和根际土壤微生物的平均颜色变化率(Average well color development,AWCD)显著低于健康烟株,茎秆微生物AWCD值略高于健康烟株;感染青枯病烟株茎秆微生物的AWCD值显著高于健康烟株,根和根际土壤微生物AWCD值与健康烟株无显著差异。④感病烟株的根和根际土壤微生物的香农-威纳指数(Shannon-Wiener)、辛普森指数(Simpson)和皮诺(Pielou)指数较健康烟株差异不显著,而茎秆微生物各指数较健康烟株显著增加。

To clarify the metabolic characteristics of microorganisms in rhizosphere soil,roots and stalks of tobacco plants infected with bacterial wilt and black shank,Biolog-ECO metabolic phenotype technique was used to study the metabolism of 31 carbon sources in six categories for microbial communities.The results showed that:1)The carbon source metabolic capacities of microorganisms in rhizosphere soil,roots and stalks of the same tobacco plant decreased successively.The utilization rates of carbon sources in six categories by microorganisms in roots and rhizosphere soil did not change significantly after infection,while the utilization rates of polymer,amino acid and phenol carbon sources by stalk microorganisms increased.2)Microorganisms in roots and rhizosphere soil of tobacco plants infected with bacterial wilt and black shank could metabolize all 31 carbon sources.Stalk microorganisms of tobacco plants infected with bacterial wilt could metabolize 30 carbon sources normally apart from 2-hydroxybenzoic acid.Stalk microorganisms of tobacco plants infected with black shank could not metabolize 10 carbon sources,such as D-mannitol,glucose-1-phosphate,D-glucosaminic acid.3)The average well color development(AWCD)values of microorganisms in roots and rhizosphere soil of tobacco plants infected with black shank were significantly lower than those of healthy tobacco plants,and the AWCD values of stalk microorganisms were slightly higher than those of healthy tobacco plants.The AWCD values of stalk microorganisms of tobacco plants infected with bacterial wilt were significantly higher than those of healthy tobacco plants,while the AWCD values of root and rhizosphere soil microorganisms were not significantly different from those of healthy tobacco plants.4)The Shannon-Wiener,Simpson and Pielou indexes of microorganisms in roots and rhizosphere soil of diseased tobacco plants were not significantly different from those of healthy tobacco plants,while the three indexes of stalk microorganisms increased significantly compared to those of healthy tobacco plants.