循证护理在小儿病毒性脑炎护理中的应用研究

Application of evidence-based care in children with viral encephalitis

目的探讨循证护理在小儿病毒性脑炎护理中的应用价值,以期为临床决策提供参考。方法选取2018年7月—2021年8月我院收治的病毒性脑炎患儿74例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为常规组与循证组,每组37例。常规组患儿给予常规护理,循证组患儿在常规组基础上给予循证护理。对比2组患儿干预前后美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)、日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)、Fugl-Meyer运动功能测评法(FMA)得分及住院时间、症状缓解时间、住院期间并发症发生率,同时比较2组患儿家属干预前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)得分及护理满意度。结果干预前,2组患儿NIHSS、ADL、FMA得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,循证组患儿NIHSS得分较常规组低,ADL、FMA得分较常规组高,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,2组患儿家属SAS、SDS得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,循证组患儿家属SAS、SDS得分均较常规组低,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外,循证组患儿高热缓解时间、头痛缓解时间、意识障碍缓解时间及住院时间均较常规组短,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);循证组患儿并发症发生率为5.41%,常规组患儿并发症发生率为10.81%,2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);循证组患儿家属护理满意度为94.59%,常规组患儿家属护理满意度为89.19%,2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论循证护理应用在小儿病毒性脑炎护理中可缓解患儿临床症状,改善神经功能、肢体功能,提高生活自理能力,同时缓解家属负性情绪,值得推广应用。

Objective To explore the application of evidence-based care in children with viral encephalitis,so as to provide support for clinical decision-making.Methods Seventy-four children with viral encephalitis admitted to our hospital from July 2018 to August 2021 were selected as the study participants and assigned to the conventional group(n=37)and the evidence-based group(n=37)following the random number table.Patients in the conventional and evidence-based groups received routine care and evidence-based care on the basis of the conventional group,respectively.The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),Activities of Daily Living(ADL)Scale,Fugl-Meyer Motor Function Assessment(FMA)score were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.At the same time,the hospitalization time,symptom relief and complication rate was compared.The Self-Rating Anxiety scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression scale(SDS)scores were also compared between the family members of the two groups before and after the intervention,and the nursing satisfaction of family members of the two groups was compared.Results Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in NIHSS,ADL,and FMA scores between the two groups(P>0.05);after the intervention,the NIHSS score of the evidence-based group was lower than that of the conventional group,and the ADL and FMA scores were higher than those of the conventional group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in SAS and SDS scores between the family members of the two groups(P>0.05);after the intervention,the SAS and SDS scores of the family members in the evidence-based group were lower than those in the conventional group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).In addition,the time to fever relief,headache relief,disturbance of consciousness relief and length of hospital stay in the evidence-based group were shorter than those in the conventional group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The incidence rate of complications was 5.41%in the evidence-based group and 10.81%in the conventional group,without significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).The satisfaction rate of families with care was 94.59%in the evidence-based group and 89.19%in the conventional group,without significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Evidence-based care can relieve the clinical symptoms,improve neurological function and limb function,increase self-care ability,and relieve the negative emotion of family members in the care of children with viral encephalitis.These benefits hold promise for a wider application of this procedure.