葛根多糖对犊牛血清抗氧化、免疫指标及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Pueraria Polysaccharides on Serum Antioxidant and Immune Indexes and Gut Microbiota of Calves

本试验旨在研究葛根多糖对犊牛血清抗氧化、免疫指标及肠道菌群的影响。试验选取(6.20±3.65)日龄和体重[(47.09±4.50)kg]相近的新生健康荷斯坦犊牛24头,随机分为对照组(C组)和试验组(T组),每组12头。T组犊牛每头每天按每千克体重于牛奶中添加400 mg葛根多糖,连续5 d;C组不添加。检测试验犊牛第7天血清抗氧化指标——超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量,免疫指标——CD4分子(CD4)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量和肠道黏膜通透性指标——二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性以及肠道菌群多样性和相对丰度。结果显示:1)与C组相比,T组犊牛血清SOD、CAT、NOS和GSH-Px活性分别提高了10.16%、1.79%、7.05%和3.43%(P>0.05),血清MDA含量降低了2.27%(P>0.05)。2)与C组相比,T组犊牛血清DAO活性降低了2.38%(P>0.05),血清CD4、sIgA、IgA和IgG含量分别提高了2.47%、4.05%、8.91%和6.11%(P>0.05)。3)与C组相比,T组肠道中拟杆菌门、放线菌门和梭杆菌门相对丰度增多,厚壁菌门和变形杆菌门相对丰度降低。与C组相比,T组肠道中双歧杆菌属相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05),瘤胃球菌属相对丰度极显著降低(P<0.05),狭义梭菌属1相对丰度呈下降趋势(P=0.087)。由此可见,葛根多糖可提高犊牛抗氧化能力,增强免疫功能,调节肠道通透性,促进肠道有益菌生长,抑制有害菌增殖,从而有利于犊牛的生长发育。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Pueraria polysaccharides on serum antioxidant and immune indexes and gut microbiota of calves.Twenty-four healthy(6.20±3.65)days of age Holstein calves with similar age body weight[(47.09±4.50)kg]were randomly divided into control group(group C)and test group(group T),each group contained 12 calves.Calves in group T were fed with 400 mg/kg Pueraria polysaccharides in the milk of each calve every day for 5 days,while others in group C were not added.The serum antioxidant indexes of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),nitric oxide synthase(NOS),catalase(CAT)activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)content,and immune indexes of CD4 molecules(CD4),immunoglobulin A(IgA),secretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG)contents,the intestinally mucosal permeability index of diamine oxidase(DAO)activity,and the diversity and relative abundance of gut microbiota were detected on day 7.The results showed as follows:1)compared with group C,the activities of SOD,CAT,NOS and GSH-Px in serum of calves of group T were increased by 10.16%,1.79%,7.05%and 3.43%(P>0.05),respectively,and the serum MDA content was decreased by 2.27%(P>0.05).2)Compared with group C,the serum DAO activity of calves of group T was by 2.38%(P>0.05),and the contents of CD4,sIgA,IgA and IgG in serum were increased by 2.47%,4.05%,8.91%and 6.11%(P>0.05),respectively.3)Compared with group C,the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Fusobacteria in gut of group T were increased,and the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in gut were decreased.Compared with group C,the gut Bifidobacterium relative abundance of group T was significantly increased(P<0.05),the[Ruminococcus]gnavus group relative abundance was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 relative abundance showed a down tendency(P=0.087).In conclusion,the Pueraria polysaccharides can improve the antioxidant capacity and immune function of calves,regulate the intestinal permeability,promote the growth of probiotics and inhibit proliferation of pathogen,so as to benefit the growth and development of calves.