纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理大麦秸秆和玉米秸秆的绵羊瘤胃降解特性

Degradation Characteristics of Cellulase and Xylanase Treated Barley Straw and Corn Straw in Sheep Rumen

本试验采用纤维素酶和木聚糖酶2种非淀粉多糖(NSP)酶分别处理大麦秸秆和玉米秸秆,选取3只装有永久瘤胃瘘管的绵羊,通过尼龙袋法评价2种NSP酶处理对大麦秸秆和玉米秸秆养分在绵羊瘤胃内不同发酵时间(12、24、36、48、60、72 h)的降解率、降解参数和有效降解率的影响。结果显示:纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理显著提高了大麦秸秆在瘤胃中12和36 h的干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)降解率以及12 h的粗蛋白质(CP)降解率(P<0.05),而对大麦秸秆在瘤胃中36 h后的养分降解率无显著影响(P>0.05);纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理显著提高了玉米秸秆在瘤胃中12 h的DM降解率(P<0.05),纤维素酶处理显著提高了玉米秸秆在瘤胃中12 h的ADF和CP降解率(P<0.05)。纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理显著增加了大麦秸秆DM、NDF、ADF和CP的快速降解部分(P<0.05),显著提高了DM、NDF和ADF慢速降解部分的降解速率(P<0.05),并显著提高了大麦秸秆NDF的有效降解率(P<0.05);纤维素酶处理显著增加了玉米秸秆DM和CP的快速降解部分(P<0.05)。综合分析得出,纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理大麦秸秆的效果优于玉米秸秆,可以有效提高大麦秸秆的瘤胃降解速度和利用效率。

In this study,two non-starch polysaccharide(NSP)enzymes(cellulase and xylanase)were used to treat barley straw and corn straw,respectively.Three sheep with permanent rumen fistulas were used to evaluate the effects of NSP enzymes treatment on nutrient degradation rates,degradation parameters and effective degradation rate of barley straw and corn straw during different fermentation time(12,24,36,48,60 and 72 h)in sheep rumen by nylon bag method.The results showed that,cellulase and xylanase treatment significantly increased the degradation rates of dry matter(DM),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)of barley straw in rumen for 12 and 36 h and the degradation rate of crude protein(CP)in rumen for 12 h(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on the nutrient degradation rates of barley straw in rumen after 36 h(P>0.05).Cellulase and xylanase treatment significantly increased the DM degradation rate of corn stover in rumen for 12 h(P<0.05),and cellulase treatment significantly increased the degradation rates of ADF and CP of corn straw in rumen for 12 h(P<0.05).Cellulase and xylanase treatment significantly increased the rapid degradable fraction of DM,NDF,ADF and CP of barley straw(P<0.05),significantly improved the degradation rate of slow degradable fraction of DM,NDF and ADF(P<0.05),and significantly increased the effective degradation rate of barley straw NDF(P<0.05).Cellulase treatment significantly increased the rapid degradation fraction of DM and CP(P<0.05).By comprehensive analysis,the effect of cellulase and xylanase treatment on barley straw is better than that on corn straw,which can effectively improve the rumen degradation rate and utilization efficiency.