ATP敏感性钾通道与缺血性脑卒中关系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship Between ATP-Sensitive K+Channel and Cerebral Ischemic Stroke

缺血性脑卒中(CIS)是一种具有高致残率及高病死率特征的神经系统疾病。脑组织的快速缺血缺氧会破坏神经元、胶质细胞和内皮细胞的能量依赖过程(如跨膜离子梯度和细胞稳态),引发一系列神经损伤病理反应,如神经血管单元的破坏、突触结构与功能的破坏、兴奋性氨基酸毒性作用、炎症反应、细胞自噬、细胞凋亡、细胞焦亡等。研究发现ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP)在脑中广泛分布,且通道的开放和关闭状态会对CIS产生不同的影响,本文对KATP通道与CIS的关系进行总结,以期为CIS的进一步研究及临床治疗提供参考。

Cerebral ischemic stroke(CIS)was a kind of neurological disease with high disability rate and high mortality.Rapid ischemia and hypoxia of brain tissue can destroy the energy-dependent process of neurons,glial cells and endothelial cells(such as transmembrane ionic gradients and steady state),and trigger a series of nerve injury pathological reaction,such as damage of neurovascular unit,damage of synaptic structure and function,toxic effect of excitatory amino acid,inflammatory reaction,autophagy,apoptosis,cell charring.Studies have found that ATP sensitive K+channels(KATP)were widely distributed in the brain,and the opening and closing state of the channels had different effects on CIS.This paper summarized the relationship between KATP channels and CIS,in order to provide reference for further research and clinical treatment of CIS.