反腐败如何降低公众的行贿意愿:腐败容忍度的双重中介效应

How Anti-corruption Reduces the Public’s Willingness to Pay Bribes:The Dual Mediation Effect of Corruption Tolerance

党的十九大报告提出“坚持受贿行贿一起查”,并将此作为未来反腐败实践的重点;但国内学者对公众行贿意愿的议题却鲜有研究和讨论。因此,深入探讨公众行贿意愿的影响因素及其作用机理,能够为以社会公众为切入点的反腐败政策提供理论依据,从而在源头上预防和减少腐败行为的发生。通过对河南省居民的调查分析发现,公众腐败容忍度在公众行贿意愿的诸影响因素中发挥了双重中介效应。一方面,反腐败绩效不会对公众行贿意愿产生直接影响,却通过影响公众腐败容忍度对公众行贿意愿产生间接影响;另一方面,公众腐败容忍度在腐败经历与公众行贿意愿中发挥部分中介效应。因此,强化对行贿行为的惩处、完善行贿黑名单制度、涵养社会廉洁文化氛围、深化反腐倡廉宣传以有效降低公众腐败容忍度,就成为抑制公众行贿意愿的重要实践策略。

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward“Insist on investigating bribery together”,which will be the focus of future anti-corruption practice.However,the topic of public willingness to pay bribes has rarely been studied and discussed by domestic scholars.Therefore,an in-depth study of the factors influencing the public’s willingness to pay bribes and their mechanisms can provide a theoretical basis for anti-corruption policies that take the public as an entry point,so as to prevent and reduce corruption at the source.The survey analysis of Henan residents found that public corruption tolerance plays a dual mediation effect among the influencing factors of public corruption tolerance.On the one hand,anti-corruption performance does not have a direct effect on public willingness to pay bribes,but has an indirect effect on public willingness to pay bribes by affecting public corruption tolerance.On the other hand,public corruption tolerance partially mediates the effect of corruption experience and public willingness to pay bribes.It is an important practical strategy to curb the public’s willingness to pay bribes by strengthening the punishment of bribe-paying behaviors,perfecting the blacklist system of bribery,cultivating an honest cultural atmosphere in society and deepening publicity on fighting corruption and building a clean government to effectively reduce the public’s corruption tolerance.