数字人文应用服务中的数据版权风险及防范策略

Risks and Prevention Strategies of Data Copyright in Digital Humanities Application Service

数字人文研究中的人文数据及其衍生数据产品具有较高的学术价值,随着“数据资产化”理念的出现,数字人文应用服务中的数据版权风险逐渐突显出来。数据版权风险是数字人文应用服务体系构建面临的现实挑战之一,也是影响数字人文健康发展的关键因素。本文从数字人文应用服务中的数据建设版权风险与数据使用行为风险入手,对各种来源数据的权属、授权许可方式、用户使用行为等潜在风险进行了分析,从法律法规、数据合法性、开放许可协议、应用服务平台等角度对数字人文应用服务中的数据版权风险成因进行了分析,并针对风险来源及风险成因提出了防范策略。现有法律法规对数据版权的界定比较模糊,数字人文应用服务面临的一些新的问题需要通过完善法律法规来解决;需要确保数字人文应用服务中人文数据的合法性,从源头上杜绝版权风险;依据合理使用原则和例外条款,主动规避可能产生的数据版权风险;通过增强数字人文应用服务平台的安全性和审核机制降低侵权风险。参考文献29。

In recent years,digital humanities research has gradually received widespread attention,and data development and sharing in digital humanities application services have provided various support for humanities research.The construction of humanities data in digital humanities research has become a hot spot.With the emergence of the concept of“data assetization”,the value of humanities data and its derivative data products in digital humanities research has been highlighted.There are many copyright infringement risks in the development and utilization of data in digital humanities,and the copyright risks of data in digital humanities application services are gradually emerging.Data copyright risk is one of the real challenges faced by the construction of digital humanities application service system,and it is also a key factor affecting the healthy development of digital humanities.This paper starts from the data construction copyright risk and data infringement behavior in digital humanities application services.Firstly,it analyzes the ownership,authorization mode and copyright risk in the construction process of various source data such as commercial data,self-built featured data,research institution data,user-generated content based on the network,and crowdsourcing data in digital humanities application services.Secondly,it also analyzes the potential risk sources such as user usage behavior in digital humanities application services,and analyzes the causes of data copyright risk in digital humanities application services from the aspects of laws and regulations,data legality,open license agreement,and security platform of application services.Corresponding prevention strategies are proposed for the sources of copyright risk and the causes of data copyright risk.The existing laws and regulations are vague in defining data copyright,and some new problems faced by digital humanities application services need to be solved through the improvement of laws and regulations.It is necessary to perfect the laws and regulations on data copyright.At the same time,in the process of constructing humanities data,it is necessary to ensure the legality of humanities data,eliminate copyright risks from the source,and actively avoid potential data copyright risks in accordance with fair use principles and exceptions.In terms of the use of humanities data,the infringement risk can be reduced by enhancing the security and audit mechanism of the digital humanities application service platform.29 refs.