马克·吐温小说作品中女性角色的塑造及批判精神解读

The Portrayal of Female Characters in Mark Twain’s Novels and the Interpretation of Their Critical Spirit

马克·吐温作为美国最伟大的短篇小说家,其在自身的写作生涯中秉持着批判现实主义理念,将社会环境中的不合理现象或事物、人性的丑恶之处,融入到不同类别小说作品的创作之中,创作出一系列贴近生活原始状态的典型人物形象,并对男权意识形态、种族歧视、奴隶制等社会问题作出揭露与批判。从马克·吐温小说作品存在的女性角色着手,探讨其在《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》《一个真实的故事》《亚当夏娃日记》等小说创作中,塑造出的道格拉斯寡妇、沃森小姐、艾美琳小姐、索菲亚小姐、瑞奇尔大娘、夏娃人物形象,分析不同女性人物的价值观念、性格缺陷,力图实现女性人物角色塑造、社会批判的双重意义。

As one of the greatest short story writers in the United States,Mark Twain adheres to the concept of critical realism in his writing career;and creates a series of typical characters close to the original state of life by integrating unreasonable phenomena or things in the social environment and the ugliness of human nature into different categories of novels.In his creation,he exposes and criticizes such social problems as the patriarchal ideology,racial discrimination,slavery and so on.This paper discusses the female characters existing in Mark Twain’s novels,like Widow Douglas,Miss Watson,Miss Aimelin,Little Sister Sophia,Aunt Richel and Eve portrayed in his novels,such as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,A True Story and The Diary of Adam and Eve,analyzes the values and character defects of different female characters,and tries to realize double significance of the portrayal of female characters and social criticism.