婴儿痉挛症的预后及影响因素

Prognosis and influencing factors of infantile spasms

婴儿痉挛症(IS)是婴幼儿时期最常见的癫痫性脑病之一,主要临床特征表现为痉挛发作,脑电图可表现为高度失律,绝大部分患儿预后不良,存在发作难以控制或类型转化、智力及运动发育迟缓。随着神经外科学、遗传学、神经影像学的进步,对IS的病因、发病机制进行了多方面的研究,使该病的预后有了显著改善。现介绍目前对IS预后及影响预后因素的认识。

Infantile spasms(IS)is one of the most prevalent epileptic encephalopathies in infants and toddlers.The primary clinical features are episodes of spastic spasms,and an electroencephalogram may exhibit hypsarrhythmia features.The majority of patients have a poor prognosis,exhibiting uncontrolled seizures,conversion to other seizure types,as well as intellectual and motor developmental impairments.With the advancement of neurosurgery,genetics,and neuroimaging,various studies have been conducted on the etiologies and pathogenesis of IS;as a result,the prognosis of IS has substantially improved.This article introduced the prognosis of IS and the contributing factors affecting the prognosis.