抑郁症与焦虑障碍共病患者性格特点与干预后认知、执行功能改善效果

Effects of special nursing on personality characteristics and cognitive and executive function of the comorbidity of depression and anxiety in patients

目的 探讨抑郁症与焦虑障碍共病患者性格特点与护理干预后认知、执行功能改善效果。方法 纳入2020年1月至2021年1月收治的64例抑郁症与焦虑障碍共病患者作为研究对象,并随机分为对照组与观察组,每组32例,2组均予以西药治疗,治疗过程中详细观察抑郁症与焦虑障碍共病患者性格特点,对照组在此期间予以常规护理,观察组则需根据患者临床性格特点予以针对性护理,应用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定2组护理干预前、干预后抑郁、焦虑情况,应用威斯康星卡片分类测验分析系统(WCST)、蒙特利尔认知功能评定量表(MoCA)分别测定、评估护理干预前、干预后2组执行功能改善状况和认知功能。结果 干预前,2组HAMD、HAMA评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后,观察组HAMD、HAMA评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),干预前,2组WCST检测结果各项指标对比无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后,2组总测验次数、持续错误数、非持续错误数均有所降低,且观察组降低幅度更大(P<0.05),干预前,2组MoCA评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后,观察组MoCA评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 临床上常见抑郁症与焦虑障碍共病的现象,依据患者性格特点予以针对性护理,可提升并巩固治疗成效,进一步改善患者认知功能及执行功能,对促进病情尽早康复具有积极作用。

Objective To explore the effects of special nursing on personality characteristics,cognitive and executive function of patients with pooled depression and anxiety.Methods 64 patients with pooled depression and anxiety in our hospital were randomly assigned at 1∶1 ratio to receive either conventional nursing(control group)or special nursing(observation group)based on Western medicine.Hamilton rating scale for depression(HAMD)and human anti-murine antibody(HAMA)were used to evaluate the depression and anxiety before and after of nursing intervention in the two groups.Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST)and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)were leased to evaluate the improvement of executive function and cognitive function before and after of nursing intervention.Results There was no significant intergroup difference in HAMD and HAMA scores before nursing intervention(P>0.05);but which in the observation group were superior to the control group after nursing intervention(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no statistical significance difference in the WCST indicators between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,difference in the frequencies of total tests,persistent errors,non-sustained errors between the two groups were statistical significance,and which in the observation group was more commom(P<0.05).No difference was significant difference in MoCA score between the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05),but which in the observation group was significantly superior to the control group after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion The comorbidity of depression and anxiety disorder is common in clinical practice,special nursing can enhance and consolidate the treatment effect,further improve the cognitive function and executive function of patients,and play a positive role to promot the early recovery of the disease.