高脚竞速运动员损伤因素分析

Analysis on the Factors of Injury of Stilt Race Athletes

高脚马运动是集突出的中华民族特色、强烈的社会竞争性、民众的娱乐性和复杂的技能性等主要特征于一体的中华民族传统体育项目,其不仅仅是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,还反映出劳动生产者和广大群众日常生活中所具有的文化创造力。基于此背景,该研究通过文献信息法,对运动员在高脚马项目的竞速教学、日常训练、赛前特训和比赛过程中所发生的运动损伤现象进行追踪调查与研究,结果表明,运动员在高脚竞速中发生运动损伤的可能性相当高;在高脚竞速中最易发生损伤的地方为手掌、大拇指内侧、膝关节、脚趾、足弓、踝关节、大小腿肌群、腰部等;损伤类型以擦伤、挫伤为主;损伤程度主要是轻伤,重伤情况基本未发生。通过分析资料,发现造成损伤的主要原因是技术不正确或掌握不熟练、训练负荷过量、场地与器材不合适。由此,建议从运动训练学与运动医学的角度对运动损伤进行预防与治疗,争取最大程度减少运动损伤的发生,降低运动损伤发生率,将有助于高脚马运动竞速水平的不断提高。

The High Foot Race is an excellent traditional cultural sports activity of the Chinese nation,which is mainly characterized by outstanding Chinese national characteristics,strong social competition,people’s entertainment and complex skills.It’s not only an essential part of the splendid culture of the Chinese nation,but also should be able to reflect the cultural creativity and historical and cultural accumulation of the Chinese nation in the daily life and practice of the production workers and the Chinese people.Based on this background,through the research literature information method,this study tracks the racing teaching,daily training,special training before the race and competition,concluded the probability of sports injury in stilt race is relatively large;The parts prone to injury in stilt race:Muscle group and waist of palm,thumb,knee,toe,ankle and big calf;The main injury types are bruising and contusions;most injuries are minor injuries,serious injuries have not occur.By analyzing the summary data,the main reasons of the damage are due to incorrect technology or poor mastery,excessive training load,and inappropriate site and equipment.Therefore,it is suggested to prevent and treat sports injury from the perspective of sports training and sports medicine,so as to reduce the incidence of sports injury to the greatest extent and improve the sports injury,which will contribute to the continuous improvement of the sports racing level of high-foot horses.