中学生体能状况及其与早餐频次的关联

Correlation between physical fitness and frequency of breakfast consumption of middle school students

目的 了解中学生体能状况及其与早餐频次的关联,为改善中学生体能状况提供参考依据。方法 采用随机整群分层抽样法,于2020年9月选取上饶市2 732名初、高中学生作为研究对象,调查中学生吃早餐的频次,同时收集个人基本信息、家庭基本情况和其他生活行为方式,体能测试包括握力、立定跳远、1 min仰卧起坐、坐位体前屈、50 m跑和20 m往返跑项目。采用χ2检验比较不同人口学特征、早餐行为中学生体能的差异,运用Logistic回归分析早餐行为与体能之间的关联。结果 中学生体能不合格检出率为21.5%。不同早餐频次中学生握力、20 m往返跑不合格率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为8.27,13.90,P值均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,20 m往返跑是否合格与早餐频次(有时吃、不吃或偶尔吃)均呈正相关(OR值分别为1.51,2.08,P值均<0.05)。结论 中学生低频率早餐行为是20 m往返跑不合格发生的相关因素,学校和家庭应关注中学生早餐消费情况,确保每日营养摄入充足。

Objective To investigate the breakfast consumption of middle school students and to analyze its relationship with physical fitness, so as to provide reference for improving physical fitness of middle school students. Methods A total of 2 732 middle school students from Shangrao City were selected in September 2021 by random cluster stratified sampling. The breakfast consumption behaviors of middle school students were investigated by questionnaire, and the general information, family information and other lifestyle behaviors were collected. The physical fitness test includes grip strength, standing long jump, 1-minute sit-up, sit-forward bend, 50 m run and 20 m shuttle run test(20 m SRT) to evaluate the strength, flexibility, speed and endurance of middle school students. χ~2 tests were used to compare the correlation between different demographic characteristics, breakfast behavior and physical fitness, and Logistic regression analysis was used to infer the correlation strength between breakfast behavior and physical fitness. Results The detection rate of physical fitness failure among middle school students was 21.5%. There were statistically significant differences between breakfast frequency and grip strength and 20 m SRT(χ~2=8.27, 13.90, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed that 20 m SRT was positively correlated with breakfast frequency(sometimes eat breakfast, OR=1.51, skip or occasionally eat breakfast OR=2.08, P<0.05). Conclusion The low frequency of breakfast consumption of middle school students is associated with low performance on 20 m SRT. Schools and families should pay attention to the breakfast consumption of middle school students to ensure adequate daily nutrition intake.