特殊饮食治疗炎症性肠病的研究进展

Research progress of special diet in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

炎症性肠病(IBD)的发病机制涉及遗传和环境因素,饮食是影响IBD发病和严重程度的一种潜在、可改变的环境因素。不健康的饮食方式可通过免疫系统紊乱、肠道通透性和黏液层改变、微生物失调等机制导致肠道炎症。因此,饮食改变可能被纳入IBD的治疗策略。除了公认的肠内营养作为IBD的主要治疗方法外,更多的特殊饮食也在越来越广泛应用于IBD的治疗中。本文通过回顾了特殊饮食在诱导和维持IBD患者缓解中的疗效,继而讨论了饮食干预治疗IBD未来的研究方向。

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)involves genetic and environmental factors.Diet is a potential and modifiable environmental risk factor for IBD onset and severity.Unhealthy diet can promote intestinal inflammation by dysregulating the immune system,altering intestinal permeability and the mucous layer and contributing to microbial dysbiosis.Dietary changes therefore may be incorporated into therapeutic strategies for IBD.In addition to the recognized enteral nutrition as the main treatment of IBD,more special diets are also widely used in the treatment of IBD.This article reviews the effects of special diet on the induction and maintenance of remission in patients with IBD,then discusses the future direction of dietary interventions in the treatment of IBD.