盆地断层活动定年技术进展及发展趋势

Progress and Development Trends of Fault Activities Dating Technologies in Basins

断层的活动期次对盆地的形成与演化及油气运移成藏起着重要的控制作用,精确厘定断层活动期次及其年龄是盆地构造及油气成藏研究中的一项必不可少的工作,也一直是研究中的一个难点.针对这一问题,论文基于断层带内部结构的分析及前人研究成果,简要评述了常用的自生伊利石K-Ar/Ar-Ar定年法和石英电子自旋共振ESR(electron spin resonance)定年技术,重点综述了方解石激光原位U-Pb定年、石英流体包裹体^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar定年和低温热年代学技术应用于断层活动时间研究的基本原理、实验方法和典型实例,并探讨了存在的问题,分析了发展的趋势,指明了下一步研究的方向.认为这些技术对断层活动期次和油气勘探研究具有重要指导意义,未来将在盆地断裂研究中发挥重要作用,有着广阔的应用前景.

Fault activities play an important role in the formation and evolution of the basin and the petroleum migration and accumulation. Accurately determining the ages and active period of the fault is an indispensable work in the study of basin tectonics and petroleum accumulation, and has always been a difficult work in the geological study. In view of this problem, based on the analysis of the internal structure of the fault zone and previous research results, the commonly used authigenic illite K-Ar/Ar-Ar dating method and quartz ESR dating technology were briefly reviewed in this study. And this paper mainly focuses on discussing the basic principles, experimental methods and typical examples of laser in situ calcite U-Pb dating, quartz fluid inclusions^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar dating and low-temperature thermochronology technology which applied to the study of fault activity time. The presently existing problems and development trends were analyzed, and the next research direction was pointed out. It is believed that laser in situ calcite U-Pb dating, quartz fluid inclusions^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar dating and low-temperature thermochronology techniques have important guiding significance for the study of fault activities and petroleum exploration, and will play an important role in the study of basin faults in the future, with broad application prospects.