页岩油研究热点与发展趋势

Hotspot and Development Trend of Shale Oil Research

页岩油储量巨大、分布集中、前景广阔,是世界石油增储上产的一个主要领域.为厘清页岩油研究的热点与发展趋势,使用CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件对近十年国内外文献进行科学知识可视化分析,结合世界页岩油盆地研究及勘探开发成果,系统梳理了页岩油近十年的主题演化及热点领域,总结了当前页岩油研究面临的挑战.结果认为全球页岩油研究热点聚焦于页岩油形成的物质基础、页岩油储集空间、页岩油可动性及可压裂性4方面;相比北美海相页岩油构造沉积背景稳定,页岩油生产技术持续迭代,我国页岩油沉积相变快,孔隙类型受成岩作用影响较大,缺乏系统的可动性评价方法,水力压裂易诱发地震和造成环境污染;未来应加强细粒沉积岩研究、定量表征页岩油储集空间、明确页岩油赋存状态、建立全面的页岩油可动性评价方法、加强新型绿色压裂技术研发,从而精准预测页岩油“地质-工程”甜点,以推动我国能源结构的快速转型.

Shale oil plays a significant role in petroleum exploration and development with its huge reserves, concentrated distribution, and broad prospects. Combining the achievements of global shale oil exploration and development, two bibliometric software CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visualize the scientific knowledge about the last ten years. The theme evolution,hotspots and frontiers were systematically sort out. Furthermore, the challenges and effective techniques of shale oil research are summarized. The results show that the research hotspots of shale oil focus on four aspects: formation conditions, reservoir property, mobility, and fracturing. The sedimentary tectonic setting is stable and the production technologies are continuously updated in North America. However, the sedimentary phase change of shale oil is rapid in China, and the pore types are greatly affected by diagenesis. In addition, there is no systematic method to evaluate the mobility of shale oil. Hydraulic fracturing sometimes induces earthquakes and causes environmental pollution. To accurately predict the "geological-engineering" sweet spot of shale oil and promote the rapid transformation of energy structure, the following research should be strengthened including the lithofacies of fine-grained sediment, the quantitative characterization of reservoir space, occurrence state of shale oil, the systematic evaluation method of movability, and the advanced green fracturing technology.