世界顶级110米栏运动员身高、体重及克托莱指数特征研究

Characteristics of the Height,Weight and Quetelet Index of the World's Top 110-m Hurdles Athletes

采用文献资料法、数理统计法、录像观察法对世界顶级110米栏运动员身高、体重及克托莱指数进行了定量统计分析。结果表明:世界顶级110米栏运动员身高、体重及克托莱指数具有一定的区间范围,顶级运动员体型表现为身材高大、肥瘦匀称、肌肉健壮发达的特点;身高、体重及克托莱指数个体间均有不同程度差异,不同的体型表现出不同的运动员技术类型特征(速度型、技术型、力量型),技术类型不同其体型也有差别;顶级运动员身高与体重、体重与克托莱指数间呈显著正相关,克托莱指数更大程度上蕴涵了体重的信息量,身高和克托莱指数在运动员竞技能力的构成因素中更具有生理学、形态学和训练学意义;顶级110米栏运动员身高与体重的标准化回归方程为:Y=-81.989+0.588X,经检验具有显著性意义,可作为选材和检控110米栏运动员身高与体重指标合理匹配的依据。

This study performs a quantitative analysis of the height,weight and Quetelet index of the world's top 110-m hurdles athletes using literature data,mathematical statistics,and video observation methods.The results show that the height,weight and Quetelet index of the world's top 110-m hurdles athletes have a specific range.The top athletes have the characteristics of being tall,thin and well-proportioned,with muscles solid and developed.Their height,weight and Quetelet index of individuals have varying degrees of difference,and different body types show three different characteristics of athletes'technical types:speed,technique,and strength.Different technical types indicate different body types.Top athletes'height and weight,weight and Quetelet index show a significant positive correlation,while Quetelet index implies more information about weight.Height and Quetelet index have more physiological,morphological and training significance in the constitutive factors of athletes'competitive ability.We conclude the standardized regression equation of the top 110-m hurdles athlete's height and weight as Y=-81.989+0.588 X,which shows statistical significance after testing and can be used as criteria for selecting and inspecting 110-m hurdle athletes for reasonable matching of height and weight indicators.