微小RNA在胃癌干细胞干性调控及靶向治疗中的研究进展

Research progress in the stemness regulation and targeted treatment of microRNA in gastric cancer stem cells

目的总结微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)在胃癌干细胞(gastric cancer stem cells,GCSCs)侵袭、转移及化疗耐药中的干性调控机制,探讨基于miRNA靶向GCSCs的抗肿瘤治疗措施。方法收集近几年国内外有关miRNA与GCSCs研究进展的相关文献并进行综述。结果miRNA可通过参与相关靶基因的表达,从而调控GCSCs的增殖、凋亡、分化、上皮-间充质转化等一系列重要细胞过程,与胃癌患者的不良预后和高死亡率有关,通过沉默或恢复GCSCs的候选miRNA表达可为胃癌治疗提供一种新颖且有前景的方式。结论GCSCs与胃癌的恶性生物学行为有着重要的关系,且研究证实miRNA在GCSCs中起着重要的调控作用。因此,miRNA可作为胃癌治疗的潜在靶标,通过调控特定miRNA的表达可以抑制肿瘤侵袭转移以及提高化疗药物的敏感性。

Objective To summarize the stemness regulation mechanism of microRNA on invasion,metastasis and chemoresistance of gastric cancer stem cells(GCSCs),and to explore the anti-tumor therapy based on miRNA targeting GCSCs.Method The literatures about the research progress of miRNA and GCSCs at home and abroad in recent years were collected and reviewed.Results MiRNA could regulate a series of important cellular processes such as proliferation,apoptosis,differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of GCSCs by participating in the expression of related target genes,which was associated with poor prognosis and high mortality of gastric cancer patients.Silencing or restoring the expression of candidate miRNA of GCSCs could provide a novel and promising approach for the treatment of gastric cancer.Conclusions GCSCs have an important relationship with the malignant biological behavior of gastric cancer,and studies have confirmed that miRNA play an important regulatory role in GCSCs.Therefore,miRNA can be used as a potential target for the treatment of gastric cancer.By regulating the expression of specific miRNA,it can inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis,and improve the sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs.