热塑性聚氨酯导电无纺布的制备与应变响应性能

Preparation and Strain Response Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Conductive Nonwoven Fabrics

以热塑性聚氨酯(thermoplastic polyurethane,TPU)为主要原料,通过熔喷纺丝技术制备TPU无纺布.配制不同质量浓度的多壁碳纳米管(multi-walled carbon nanotubes,MWCNTs)分散液对TPU无纺布进行功能化修饰,用于制备TPU/MWCNTs导电无纺布.通过绝缘电阻测试仪、热失重分析仪、扫描电子显微镜和拉伸应变响应度分析TPU/MWCNTs导电无纺布的结构与应变响应性能.结果表明:MWCNTs均匀、牢固附着于TPU/MWCNTs无纺布,形成高效、稳定的导电网络;随碳纳米管质量浓度增加,TPU/MWCNTs导电无纺布的导电性能变好;MWCNTs的引入提高了TPU/MWCNTs导电无纺布的热稳定性;当MWCNTs质量浓度为3 mg·mL-1时,TPU/MWCNTs导电无纺布的应变灵敏度最高;随着应变幅度增大,导电无纺布的应变响应度增强;经过10个循环拉伸作用后,TPU/MWCNTs导电无纺布的应变响应度达到稳定的响应状态,表现出良好的可回复性和可重复性,在柔性传感器和智能可穿戴领域具有光明的应用前景.

Thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)was used as the main raw material to prepare TPU non-woven fabric by melt-blown spinning technology.TPU/MWCNTs conductive non-woven fabric was functionalized by multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)dispersion with different mass concentrations.The structure and strain response properties of TPU/MWCNTs conductive non-woven fabric were analyzed by insulation resistance tester,thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy and tensile strain response test.The results show that the MWCNTs are uniformly dispersed and firmly attached to TPU non-woven fabric,forming an effective and stable conductive network.With the increase of MWCNTs mass concentration,the conductivity of TPU/MWCNTs conductive non-woven fabric becomes better.The thermal stability of TPU/MWCNTs conductive non-woven fabrics is improved by the introduction of MWCNTs.TPU/MWCNTs conductive non-woven fabric exhibits the best strain sensitivity,when the mass concentration of MWCNTs is 3 mg·mL-1.With the increase of strain amplitude,the strain response of TPU/MWCNTs conductive non-woven fabric is enhanced.After 10 cyclic tensile,the strain response of TPU/MWCNTs conductive non-woven fabric reached a stable state,showing good recoverability and repeatability.It has a bright application prospect in the field of flexible sensors and smart wearables.