粮食安全底线下家庭农场种粮意愿的影响因素研究

Study on the influencing factors of family farms’willingness to grow grain under the bottom-line of grain security

粮食安全关系国计民生,保障粮食安全作为底线任务已经成为全社会的共识。国家提倡家庭农场等农业新型经营主体的发展,以保障粮食安全,而家庭农场占用基本农田种植经济作物的“非粮化”问题突出,需要对家庭农场“非粮化”行为进行研究。以江苏徐州及其周边地区为例,利用家庭农场“非粮化”行为的调查数据,通过扩展分布式认知同心圆模型,构建家庭农场种粮意愿影响因素的理论框架,运用结构方程模型对理论框架进行验证,探究在粮食安全底线下家庭农场种粮意愿的影响因素,探讨家庭农场“非粮化”行为的矫正对策。结果表明,在调查样本中,明确表示愿意种粮的家庭农场仅有5.55%,愿意逐步改种粮食作物的约占12.35%。在分布式认知同心圆模型的个人力、资产力、地域力和文化力四个变量中,地域力所代表的资源约束和社会环境、文化力所代表乡土文化对家庭农场的种粮意愿具有显著的正向影响;个人力所代表的个体经历和经验等个体特征、资产力所代表的资产专用性水平对家庭农场的种粮意愿具有显著的负向影响。因此,家庭农场种粮意愿的提升,要充分发挥政府行政强制力和乡土文化的道德约束作用。

Grain security concerns the national economy and people’s livelihood and ensuring grain security as a bottom-line task has become the consensus of the whole society.The Government advocates the development of new agricultural business entities such as family farms to ensure grain security,however growing cash crops instead of grain crops is still a prominent problem.It is of great significance to study the“non-grain production”behavior of family farms.Based on a survey data of Xuzhou and its surrounding areas in Jiangsu Province and applying the expanding the concentric circle model of distributed cognitive theory,this paper built a theoretical framework to analyze the factors influencing family farms’grain growing willingness under the bottom-line of grain security and to explore the corrective measures to improve the willingness of family farms to grow grain.Results show that among the survey samples,only 5.55%of family farms explicitly expressed their willingness to grow grain,and about 12.35%were willing to gradually switch to grain crops.Among the four variables of the distributed cognitive concentric circle model:personal force,asset force,regional force,and cultural force,the resource constraints and the social environment represented by the regional force,as well as the evaluation and satisfaction of the local culture represented by the cultural force have significant positive impacts on family farms’willingness to grow grains.While the individual characteristics and experience represented by the personal force,as well as the asset specificity level represented by the asset force,have significant negative impacts.Therefore,to improve the willingness of family farms to grow grain,it is necessary to give a full play to the administrative compulsion of the government in the regional force and the moral restraint in the cultural force.