量子点技术在神经退行性疾病诊断中的应用

Application of quantum dots in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases

近年来,随着我国逐步进入老龄化社会,神经退行性疾病发病率逐年升高,其具有诊治难、预后差等特点,因此早期快速诊断能提高治疗效果,大大降低医疗负担。神经退行性疾病的传统诊断方法需依赖大型仪器,漏诊率较高,且相关生物标志物检测耗时较长。量子点作为一种具有独特性质的新型荧光标记材料在神经退行性疾病血清学诊断方面具有极大应用潜力,其适于多标志物联合检测的特点可提高诊断灵敏度和特异性,且量子点与微流控技术相结合进一步拓展了其在神经退行性疾病诊断中的应用。该文梳理了量子点技术的特点及其近年来在神经系统疾病诊断中的应用,并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。

With China’s gradual entry into the aging society,neurodegenerative diseases are becoming more prevalent,which are characterized by difficult diagnosis,low-efficiency treatment and poor prognosis. Therefore,early and rapid diagnosis can improve the therapeutic effect and greatly reduce the healthcare burden. Traditional diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases depends on large instruments,leading to a high missed diagnosis rate and time-consuming detection of related biomarkers.As a new fluorescent marker material with unique properties,quantum dots(QD)have a great potential in the serological diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. QD suitable for multi-marker joint detection can improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis. The combination of QD and microfluidic technology can find wider applications in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. This paper reviews the characteristics of QD technology and its applications in the diagnosis of neurological diseases,and outlines its future developments.