音乐编曲的著作权保护模式探究

Research on the Copyright Protection of Music Arrangements

我国《著作权法》对于编曲的概念、法律性质以及编曲者的地位均没有明确界定。由于编曲的法律性质问题认定比较复杂,理论与实践中对编曲的著作权保护存在较大争议,主要有增设“编曲权”或者“编曲者权”以及纳入“录音制作者权”等,不增设权利而是根据内部划分的不同类型进行分类保护才是最佳路径。编曲是构成一首音乐作品最重要的要素之一。具有一定水平独创性的编曲的创作过程中凝结着编曲者的独创性表达,应当作为著作权法意义上的作品,受到相应的保护。在法律上准确界定编曲的性质,对于编曲人在音乐制作过程中所创造的智力成果的独创性予以充分肯定,并且以独创性高低为标准对其进行分类保护,可以使得编曲创作者的权益得到充分并且合理保护,大大激发其创作积极性,从而推动整个产业健康有序发展。

The concept of musical arrangement is not clearly defined in China's Copyright Law,much less its legal na⁃ture or the status of the arrangers.Due to the complexity of the legal nature of arrangements,the copyright protection of arrangements remains quite a controversial issue in practice.There are several main approaches,namely the creation of"arrangement rights",the creation of"arranger's rights",including the"rights of producers of sound recordings",and the protection of different types of musical arrangements according to internal classification instead of creating ad⁃ditional rights,as the last route is considered to be the most appropriate.The musical arrangement is one of the most crucial elements of a musical composition.The process of composing a musical composition reflects the expression of the arranger and has a certain level of originality,which should be protected by Copyright Law as a work.By clarifying the nature of the arrangement,affirming the originality of the intellectual work created by the arranger,and exploring the mode of copyright protection for the arrangement,the rights and interests of the arrangers can be adequately and reasonably protected.In this way,their motivation for creativity can be greatly stimulated,which is promisingly for pro⁃moting the healthy development of the whole music industry.