个人隐私保护背景下网络匿名作品保护研究

Research on the Protection of Anonymous Works Online under the Background of Privacy Protection

网络环境下的匿名作品与孤儿作品存在较大差别,并不能当然适用孤儿作品制度。在网络背景下,匿名作品在创作主体、创作行为和作品的传播上体现出极强的精神权利性质,同时也带来作品授权困难和侵权现象泛化的问题。基于利益平衡理论,作者隐私和著作权保护需求相结合形成的私人利益,与作品传播和利用为公众带来的公共利益形成冲突,应当在合理界定作者隐私范围的前提下,既保护作者隐私和著作权,也兼顾作品传播和利用。在实施路径上,完善网络环境中匿名作品的授权方式,同时将匿名作品制度与孤儿作品制度相衔接。

Anonymous works and orphan works differed significantly online,and the normative rules for orphan works cannot be naturally compatible.In the context of the Internet,anonymous works have the strong characteristic of moral rights in the legal subject,creative behavior,and the dissemination of works.Meanwhile,bring about difficulties in au⁃thorizing works and generalization of infringement.Based on the balance of interests theory,a conflict of interest occurs between the private interests,consisting of the authors'privacy and the need of copyright protection,and the general public interest in the dissemination and utilization of works.On the premise of reasonably defining the boundaries of the author's privacy,the aforementioned conflicting interests shall be balanced.On the implementation path,the eauthorization efficiency of anonymous works online shall be improved to link the anonymous works system to the or⁃phan works system at the same time.