国家生物安全体系下的海关卫生检疫特征研究

Research on the Characteristics of Customs Health Inspection and Quarantine under the National Biosecurity System

《中华人民共和国生物安全法》是构筑我国生物安全体系的基本法,海关卫生检疫肩负守护国门生物安全的重要使命。新冠肺炎疫情的爆发是生物安全法颁布后全球范围内最严重的生物安全事件,对海关卫生检疫提出严峻的挑战。基于《生物安全法》,研究海关卫生检疫特征及其在迎战新冠肺炎疫情过程中的变化,对于进一步创建科学、完善的海关卫生检疫体系,应对未来重大生物安全威胁、确保国门生物安全具有重要的意义。本文分析、总结了海关卫生检疫在新冠背景下,为建设国家生物安全体系而呈现的特征;海关卫生检疫法律法规与制度体系的完善;海关卫生检疫智能化监测与预警体系的完善;海关卫生检疫口岸智慧监管体系的完善;海关实验室检测能力的提升;联防联控。在此基础上,初步探讨了海关卫生检疫面临的未来挑战以及应对策略,统筹安全与发展。

Bio-security Law of People's Republic of China is the basic law to establish our national bio-security system.It is the key mission of Customs health inspection and quarantine to guard the national bio-security.The outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic is the most severe bio-security affair after the promulgation of the Bio-security Law,which poses a severe challenge to Customs health inspection and quarantine.In order to better counteract the potential bio-security threatens in future and guard the national bio-security,it is essential to study the characteristics of Customs health inspection and quarantine especially its changes in the process of fighting against COVID-19 epidemic.In this review,the characteristics of Customs health inspection and quarantine were analyzed and summarized under the effect of COVID-19 epidemic,such as the improvement of the customs health and quarantine laws,regulations and institutional systems,the improvement of intelligent monitoring and early warning systems,the improvement of the port smart supervision system,and the improvement of the testing capabilities of customs laboratories,joint prevention and control mechanism.On this basis,the potential future challenges and countermeasures for Customs health inspection and quarantine are discussed and security and development are coordinated.