压载水生物安全监管实践及其优化探索

Bio-safety Supervision Practice and Optimization of Ballast Water

全球航运的快速发展,带来了船舶压载水的大量转移与排放。人们在认识到压载水带来的海洋生物入侵的危害后制定了一系列国际公约、标准,以维护航运业健康可持续发展。本文简述了压载水的由来及其危害,以及相关国际公约、国内法律法规与标准对相关行政监管部门提出的压载水生物安全监管要求,分别从行政管理视角对压载水生物安全监管的现状、压载水生物安全监管中存在的不足以及相关各方如何立足当下、协同强化船舶压载水生物安全监管提出了建议。

The rapid development of global shipping has brought about a large number of ship ballast water transfer and discharge.In order to maintain the healthy and sustainable development of shipping industry,a series of international conventions and standards have been formulated after people realized the harm of Marine organism invasion caused by ballast water.This paper briefly describes the origin of ballast water and its hazards,as well as the requirements of ballast water bio-safety supervision put forward by relevant international conventions,domestic laws,regulations and standards.From the perspective of administrative management,opinions are put forward about the current situation and shortcomings of ballast water bio-safety supervision.This paper also discusses the strengthening measures based on the current situation and coordination of ship ballast water biosafety supervision for relevant parties.