衢州市中学生2012—2022年饮酒行为变化趋势

Trend analysis of drinking behavior among middle school students in Quzhou during 2012 to 2022

目的 了解衢州市中学生2012—2022年饮酒行为发生率及变化特征,为制定科学有效的学生饮酒干预措施提供依据。方法 分别于2012,2017和2022年的5月采用分层整群抽样的方法,使用浙江省青少年健康相关行为调查问卷,对抽中班级进行匿名的自填式问卷调查,分析不同年份中学生饮酒行为变化情况。结果 衢州市中学生曾饮酒率、现在饮酒率和醉酒率分别从2012年的58.05%,22.70%和21.25%下降到2022年的41.83%,15.35%和11.54%(χ^(2)_(趋势)值分别为82.69,30.00,58.24,P值均<0.01)。现在饮酒的中学生过去30 d饮酒频率以1~2 d为主,占66.67%;过去30 d饮酒3~5 d的比例从2012年的16.36%上升到2022年的26.19%;过去30 d饮酒6~19 d的比例从2012年的13.03%下降到2022年的3.40%;自己付钱买酒的比例从2012年的22.12%上升至2022年的35.03%。3次调查结果显示,现在饮酒率、醉酒率,男生(27.88%,23.96%,18.75%;24.69%,17.44%,13.75%)高于女生(17.60%,17.25%,11.31%;17.87%,10.61%,8.91%),非普通高中(33.96%,34.69%,22.77%;33.65%,23.91%,19.49%)高于普通高中(25.82%,18.80%,12.62%;25.82%,17.35%,9.94%)与初中(16.53%,15.83%,12.22%;13.93%,8.47%,7.35%)。结论 衢州市中学生控酒工作取得了一定的成效,曾饮酒率、现在饮酒率和醉酒率均有所降低。应针对男生、非普通高中学生,继续从学校、家庭、社会等方面开展中学生饮酒行为的干预。

Objective To understand prevalence and trend of drinking behavior among middle school students in Quzhou during2012 to 2022, and to provide a basis for formulating scientific and effective intervention measures for adolescent drinking.Methods By using stratified cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey using Zhejiang adolescent health-related behavior questionnaire was conducted anonymously in selected classes in May 2012, 2017 and 2022, respectively. Changes of drinking behavior of middle school students in different years were analyzed.Results The prevalence of ever drinking, current drinking and drunkenness among middle school students in Quzhou decreased from 58.05%, 22.70% and 21.25% in 2012 to 41.83%, 15.35% and 11.54% in2022, respectively(χ^(2)_(trend)= 82.69, 30.00, 58.24,P<0.01). In the past 30 days, 66.67% of students reported drinking 1-2 days,the proportion of drinking for 3-5 days increased from 16.36% in 2012 to 26.19% in 2022, the proportion of drinking for 6-19 days decreased from 13.03% in 2012 to 3.40% in 2022. The proportion of buying alcohol increased from 22.12% in 2012 to 35.03% in2022. The results of the three surveys showed that, now drinking rates, drinking rates, Male students( 27.88%, 23.96%, 18.75%;24.69%, 17.44%, 13.75%) was higher than the girls( 17.60%, 17.25%, 11.31%;17.87%, 10.61%, 8.91%), non-ordinary high schools( 33.96%, 34. 69%, 22. 77%;33. 65%, 23. 91%, 19. 49%) were higher than ordinary high schools( 25. 82%, 18. 80%,12.62%;25.82%, 17.35%, 9.94%) and junior middle school( 16.53%, 15.83%, 12.22%;13.93%, 8.47%, 7.35%).Conclusion Progress in adolescent drinking control is being made in Quzhou, with the prevalence of ever drinking, current drinking and drunkenness significantly decreased. It is necessary to strengthen the control of drinking behavior among middle school students from the aspects of school, family and society, especially for boys and students in non-ordinary high school students.