清宫窃盗案之分析

An Analysis of Theft Cases in the Qing Imperial Court

本文依据清宫内务府档案分析内务府窃盗案。文章主要分析盗内府财物、监守自盗、积匪猾盗、销赃等案例,并依据这些案例来探讨清廷的监督管理。清廷对盗窃案件非常重视,刑罚通常非常严厉,包括杖毙、流放到黑龙江、打牲乌拉、伊犁等边疆地区。盗窃案件处罚的另一个特点是集体处罚,惩罚于肇事者及其家人和同事身上。本文的结论是,虽然皇室的行政部门在18世纪有所增长,但管理部门并没有严格管控,因此盗窃案件在这种情况下盛行。

This article analyzes the theft cases in the Qing imperial court. These cases include stealing properties of the Imperial Household Department, guardians who themselves stealing properties from granaries, repeated stealing, and selling stolen goods. Bases on these theft cases, this article analyzes the supervision and management in the imperial palaces. The Qing court took theft cases seriously and the punishments were usually very harsh, including beating to death and being banished to frontier areas like Heilongjiang, Butha Ula, and Yili. Another characteristic of the punishment for theft cases is collective punishment. The penalty befell the perpetrators as well as their family members and colleagues. This paper concludes that, while the administrative sections of the Imperial Household Department grew in the eighteenth century, the supervision sections did not grow concomitantly, and thus, theft cases thrived under this condition.