河南省二三级医疗机构医院感染监测能力及影响因素分析

Ability of nosocomial infection surveillance and its influencing factors in secondary and tertiary medical institutions in Henan province

目的 了解河南省医疗机构医院感染监测能力现状,探讨其影响因素,为改进医院感染监测工作提供依据。方法2021年5月28日至6月5日,采用网络调查的方式,在河南省二、三级医疗机构开展医院感染防控专职人员配备、医院感染监测开展情况及管理质控指标等内容的横断面调查。结果 参与调查的343所医院中,仅有118所(34.40%)医院床位数与感染防控专职人员配置比符合要求;65.89%的医院感染防控岗位无激励机制;专职人员学科背景以护理学为主(63.97%);44.61%的医疗机构未利用信息化手段开展医院感染监测;三级医疗机构在感染防控专职人员专业、学历、岗位激励、信息化建设等医院感染监测能力方面高于二级医院(P<0.05);医院等级、医院类别、医院属性、实际开放床位数、出院人数、专职人员专业、学历、岗位激励机制等因素与开展信息化监测有关(P<0.05)。结论应加大对二级、专科、民营、实际开放床位数低的医疗机构信息化建设的支持力度,从而提升全省医院感染监测水平。

Objective To understand the occurrence of the ability of nosocomial infection surveillance in secondary and tertiary medical institutions in Henan province, and explore its influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Henan province using online survey. The setting of full-time staffing, nosocomial infection surveillance and factors of quality control were surveyed from May 28th to June 5th, 2021. The influencing factors of nosocomial infection surveillance were investigated. Results Among 343 hospitals participating in this survey, only 118 hospitals(34.40%)met the requirement of full-time staff for infection prevention and control. Incentive mechanism wasn’t established in 65.89% of hospitals. The major of full-time staff for infection prevention and control mainly focused on nursing in their professions(63.97%). Surveillance wasn’t developed by using information technology in 44.61% of hospitals. The abilities of nosocomial infection surveillance such as profession and education level of full-time staff, incentive mechanism and information construction in tertiary hospitals were significantly higher than those in secondary hospitals(P <0.05). The level, category,attribute, actual number of open beds, number of hospital discharge, full-time employee allocation, major, education background, incentive mechanism of full-time staff were associated with nosocomial infection surveillance by application of information technology(P <0.05). Conclusion The information construction of nosocomial infection surveillance should be strengthened in secondary, specialized and private hospitals, and hospitals with low number of actual open beds for promoting the level of nosocomial infection surveillance in Henan province.