植物内生菌群落组成及其功能研究进展

Research progress on community composition and function of endophytes in plants

植物内生菌是栖居在植物组织内部、以宿主植物代谢物为营养物质的一类微生物。植物内生菌种类丰富,并通过不同的方式定殖在植物体内,与宿主植物互利共生。植物内生菌促进植物的生长发育,通过增强营养物质吸收、与病原菌竞争生态位、在代谢过程中产生抗菌物质以及诱导宿主植物产生抗性等机制,提高宿主植物的抗逆性,并且其群落的组成因生态环境、寄主植物不同部位、生长周期的不同发育阶段而显著不同。人们利用传统组织分离法、高通量测序法以及人工重组生物群落等研究方法对植物与内生菌相互作用进行了深入的研究。本文对植物内生菌群落的组成、内生菌对宿主植物影响的功能研究以及人工内生菌群的构建进行重点阐述,以期为植物内生菌的开发和利用奠定坚实基础。

Endophyte is a kind of microorganism that inhabits in plant tissue and takes host plant metabolites as nutrients.There are many kinds of endophytic agents in plants,which colonize in plants in different ways and symbiosis with host plants.Endophytes promote the growth and development of plants by enhancing the absorption of nutrients,competing with pathogens for niche,producing antibacterial substances in the process of metabolism and inducing host plants to develop resistance.The composition of endophytes community is significantly different due to the ecological environment,different parts of host plants and different stages of growth cycle.The interactions between plants and endophytes have been studied using the traditional tissue separation methods,highthroughput sequencing methods and the construction of synthetic endophytic flora.In this paper,we discuss the composition of plant endophytic agents community,the function of endophytic agents in the host plant and the construction of synthetic endophytes in order to lay a solid foundation for the development and utilization of plant endophytes.