间充质干细胞活体无创示踪技术研究进展

Research progress of noninvasive tracing technique for mesenchymal stem cells in vivo

间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)作为一种具有自我更新和多向分化能力的细胞,因其免疫规避、修复再生和免疫调节等特性而受到广泛关注。此外,MSCs还被用作负载治疗药物的载体。近几年来有关MSCs的实验数量大幅增加,但MSCs在体内的分布、迁移、归巢、分化、存活及安全性问题目前尚不明确,仍限制着干细胞疗法的发展。随着成像技术的不断提升,无创活体示踪方法逐渐成为应用主流,能够对移植的外源性MSCs存活和迁移模式进行动态监测。本文对不同标记方法、成像方式及其优缺点进行了探讨,并对示踪技术的未来进行了展望,以期为MSCs示踪研究提供新的思路。

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),which have potentials of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation,have drawn a wide range of attention due to their immune evasion,regenerative and immunomodulatory properties.Besides,MSCs have been used as carriers in loading therapies.In recent decades,researches on MSCs have increased dramatically.However,the distribution,migration,homing,differentiation,survival and safety of MSCs in vivo are still limiting the development of stem cell therapies.As the continuous improvement of cell tracing and imaging techniques,noninvasive tracing methods have become mainstream in stem cell tracing and imaging,enabling dynamic monitor of the survival and migration patterns of transplanted MSCs in the body.In this review,recent studies of transplanted stem cell fate in vivo are reviewed,the advantages and disadvantages of different labeling and imaging methods are discussed,and the future of the tracing technique is prospected,aiming to provide new ideas for tracing MSCs.