用于脑功能研究的生物光子学技术研究进展

Progress Of Biophotonics Technology in Brain Function Research

脑成像技术是生物医学工程学研究的热点。现有传统脑成像手段,如X射线成像(X-ray)、磁共振成像(MRI)等已发展成熟,广泛应用于科学研究和临床诊疗。然而这些成像技术大多具有侵入性、设备体积庞大、成像成本高昂等局限性,且难以适用于特殊人群,如新生儿。该文介绍了几种可用于脑成像的微观光学分子成像模态,这些方法大多无创、成本较低且性能优异,具有广阔的发展前景。在给出了它们的成像原理、系统组成以及关键技术后,总结了已有的研究成果和现阶段研究进展。最后,通过列举和比较这几种成像模态的优缺点讨论了脑成像技术未来的发展方向。

Brain imaging is a hot spot field in the biomedical engineering research.Current traditional brain imaging modalities,such as X-ray,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and other methods,are mature and have been widely applied for scientific research and clinical diagnosis and treatment comprehensively.However,most of these imaging techniques have limitations such as invasiveness,bulky equipment,and high imaging costs,and are difficult to apply to special populations,such as neonates.This paper introduces several microscopic optical molecular imaging modalities that can be used for brain imaging.Most of these methods are non-invasive,low-cost and excellent in performance,and have broad development prospects.After giving their imaging principles,system components,and key techniques,the existing research results and the current state of these imaging modalities are summarized.Finally,the future development directions of the brain imaging techniques are discussed through enumerating and comparing the merits and limitations among these imaging modalities.