山西境内黑龙庙之黑龙神来源考

Researching on the origination of the black dragon temples and black dragon god in Shanxi

从碛口《重修黑龙庙记》中关于黑龙起源说起,进而论证黑龙神起源于宁夏的固原一带,其神职功能由自然神的崇拜和神巫到兴云致雨的转变,随着祭祀黑龙神族群的迁徙把黑龙神带到了陕北和山西境内,黑龙神信仰也就扎根在当地老百姓心中,祈求风调雨顺,民无水旱之弊,同时也体现了晋西北地方社会中人与自然环境的互动关系。

Started from the origination of the black dragon in stele inscription of Rebuilding the Black Dragon Temple in Qikou port,this paper proved that the black dragon god originated in Guyuan area of Ningxia.In the begining it’s mainly a worship of natural god and then became the witch and their activities of praying clouds and rains.As the people immigration,the black dragon god was brought to northern Shaanxi and Shanxi and such worship,praying black dragon for good weather for the crops was rooted in the local people.Meanwhile,it re f lects the interaction between people and the natural environment in northwest Shanxi.