三角帆蚌多糖对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化及免疫功能的影响

Effects of Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides on growth performance,antioxidant activity and immune function in growing broiler

为探究三角帆蚌多糖(Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides,HCP)对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化及机体免疫功能的影响。随机将240只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡分为4组,每组设6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。正常对照组(HCP-0)饲喂基础饲粮,三角帆蚌多糖低(HCP-1)、中(HCP-2)、高(HCP-3)剂量组分别在基础饲粮中添加200、400和800 mg·kg^(-1)剂量的HCP,试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与HCP-0组相比,HCP-2、HCP-3组肉仔鸡平均日增重显著提高,差异极显著(P<0.01),肉仔鸡平均日采食量和料重比在各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);2)与HCP-0组相比,HCP-2、HCP-3组肉仔鸡血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.01)、丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05),HCP-1组仅T-SOD活性显著增加(P<0.01),过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);3)HCP-2组肉仔鸡脾脏指数显著高于HCP-0组(P<0.05),其余各组间无显著差异(P>0.05),胸腺指数和法氏囊指数在各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);4)在试验21 d时,HCP-2组肉仔鸡血清中IgG含量较HCP-0组显著增加(P<0.05),HCP-1、HCP-2和HCP-3组肉仔鸡血清中IgA含量均显著高于HCP-0组(P<0.05);在试验42 d时,HCP-2、HCP-3组肉仔鸡血清中IgG含量均显著高于HCP-0和HCP-1组,差异极显著(P<0.01),HCP-1与HCP-0组间无显著差异(P>0.05);试验21 d和42 d时血清中IgM含量在各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上可知,日粮添加HCP可以显著提高肉仔鸡的平均日增重、抗氧化性能和改善机体的免疫功能,本试验条件下,经回归方程分析,肉仔鸡饲料中HCP适宜的添加量为514~679 mg·kg^(-1)。

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides(HCP)on growth performance,antioxidant activity and immune function in growing broiler.A total of 240 one-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)broiler chickens were randomly allotted into 4 groups,with 6 replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each replicate.Normal control group(HCP-0)was fed with basal diet,while low dose group(HCP-1),medium dose group(HCP-2)and high dose group(HCP-3)were supplemented with 200,400 and 800 mg·kg^(-1) HCP in basal diet,respectively.The experimental period was 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)Compared with HCP-0 group,the ADG of broilers in HCP-2 group and HCP-3 group was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),and there was no significant difference in ADFI and F/G among all groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with the HCP-0 group,the activities of T-AOC,T-SOD and GSH-Px in serum of broilers in HCP-2 group and HCP-3 group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the content of MDA was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and only T-SOD activity of broilers in HCP-1 group was significantly increased(P<0.01),the activities of CAT showed no significant difference among all groups(P>0.05).3)The spleen index of broilers in HCP-2 group was significantly increased compared with HCP-0 group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference among other groups(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in bursa of fabricius index and thymus index among all groups(P>0.05).4)On the 21st day of experiment,compared with HCP-0 group,the content of IgG in serum of broilers in HCP-2 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the content of IgA in serum of broilers in HCP-1 group,HCP-2 group and HCP-3 group were significantly increased(P<0.05);At the 42nd day of the experiment,the content of IgG in the serum of broilers in HCP-2 group and HCP-3 group was extremely significantly increased compared with HCP-0 group and HCP-1 group(P<0.01),there was no significant difference between HCP-1 group and HCP-0 group(P>0.05);At the 21st and 42nd day of the experiment,the content of IgM in serum of broilers showed no significant difference among all groups(P>0.05).Combined with the above results,dietary HCP supplementation can significantly improve ADG,antioxidant activity and immune function of broilers,and the appropriate amount of HCP added to the feed of broilers was 514-679 mg·kg^(-1) by regression equation analysis under this experimental conditions.