急流水域水下爆破钻爆船7锚缆定位技术

Seven anchor cable positioning technology of drilling and blasting vessel for underwater blasting in rapids

为解决急流水域水下钻孔爆破钻爆船的定位难题,针对当前常用的4锚缆、5锚缆、6锚缆定位系统存在的定位不稳固问题,基于澜沧江四级航道整治建设工程,研究了7锚缆定位技术。应用流体动力学原理,根据不同施工状态,对钻爆船整体和各受力部位进行了受力分析和风荷载、水流力计算。结果表明,以最大风速35 m/s和最大水流速度5.2 m/s进行计算,排水量406 t的钻爆船所受合力在260.0~285.0 kN之间。基于计算结果选择了适当规格的钢丝绳作为主缆,确定了主锚的质量范围,保障了定位的牢固性和安全性。为减少锚机数量和占位空间,研制了平行双滚筒锚机,应用情况表明,1台该锚机可代替2台传统锚机,不仅优化了空间布置,而且操作简便、安全、高效,满足了实际要求。研究成果填补了该领域的技术空白,促进了水下爆破技术水平的提升。

In order to solve the positioning problem of drilling and blasting vessel for underwater drilling and blasting in rapids rivers,the positioning technology of seven anchor cables is studied based on the Lancang River fourth class waterway regulation and construction project,aiming at the positioning instability problem of the current commonly used four anchor cable,five anchor cable and six anchor cable positioning systems.Based on the principle of fluid dynamics,according to different construction conditions,the force analysis,wind load and water flow force calculation of the drilling and blasting vessel as a whole and various stressed parts are carried out.The results show that when the maximum wind speed is 35 m/s and the maximum water flow speed is 5.2 m/s,the combined force of the drilling and blasting vessel with 406 t displacement is 260.0~285.0 kN.Based on the calculation results,the appropriate steel wire rope is selected as the main cable,and the quality range of the main anchor is determined to ensure the firmness and safety of the positioning.In order to reduce the number of windlasses and point space,a parallel double drum windlass is developed.The application shows that one windlass can replace two traditional windlasses,which not only optimizes the space layout,but also is simple,safe and efficient to operate,meeting the actual requirements.The research results fill the technical gap in this field and promote the improvement of underwater blasting technology.