述位动词与达标义补语“够”的语义组合及其情态内涵

The semantic combination of predicate verbs with gou(够)‘up to standard’as the complement and its modal connotation

本文以语义语法为理论基础,以语义双向选择为原则,从微观到宏观,依次提取述位动词和补位“够”的语义特征,进而根据“V够”的内部因果关系和外部情态表现,提取并验证“V够”的语义情态。首先,根据关涉对象的情况,运用正反验证和语料归纳的方法,将述位动词分为“积攒类动词、感知类动词和持续类动词”,提取并验证述位动词具有[+积量]或[+积情]语义特征;其次,根据关涉对象及其定语数量特征的不同,提取并验证补位“够”具有[+达标]的语义特征;再次,根据述位动词和补位“够”之间的因果关系及“V够”的[+合预期]或[+表厌烦]情态特征,提取“V够”的语义情态为“积量达标合预期”或“积情达标表厌烦”。

Based on the theory of semantic grammar and the principle of semantic bidirectional selection,this paper,from micro to macro,extracts the semantic features of predicate verbs with the complement gou(够)‘up to standard’,and then,according to the internal causality and external modal performance of“V+gou”,the core semantic modality of“V+gou”is extracted and verified.Firstly,according to the situation of the object involved,this paper uses the method of positive and negative verification and generalization of linguistic data to classify the verbs into three types:accumulative verbs,perceptive verbs and durative verbs,and extracts and verifies the semantic features of predicate verbs[+amount accumulation]or[+emotion accumulation].Secondly,according to the different features of quantity denoted by the related objects and/or their attributives,the semantic features of[+up to standard]of complement gou are extracted and verified.Thirdly,according to the causal relationship between the verb and the complement gou and the modal features of“V+gou”[conforming to the expectation]or[expressing boredom],the semantic modality of“V+gou”is extracted as“amount accumulation meets the standard as expected”or“emotion accumulation meets the standard to express boredom”.