农民合作社发展:社会资本与合作参与——基于多案例比较研究

The Development of Farmer Cooperatives:Social Capital and Cooperative Members Behavior—Based on a Multi-case Analysis

农民合作社是发挥农民在乡村振兴中主体作用的有效载体,乡村振兴战略为农民合作社发展提供新的机遇。合作社在发展过程中,依然还存在一些乱象和亟待解决的问题。本文从社会资本理论的视角切入,通过对江西省3家不同组建模式的合作社深入调研,分别从社会关系网络、信任、制度规范3个社会资本因素的维度,分析不同类型农民合作社社会资本的样态特征及其对合作行为和合作社发展的影响机制。研究发现:社会关系网络是合作社汲取和传播信息资源的关键渠道;信任是合作行为产生和持续的基础;制度规范是引导和约束合作社健康发展的保障。因此,要深入探究社会资本在合作社发展中的影响机制,进一步拓宽社会关系网络,健全制度规范,提高信任水平以促进农民全过程全要素参与合作、助推合作社的健康发展。

Farmer cooperatives are effective carriers for farmers to play their main role in rural revitalization.Under the background of the rural revitalization strategy,farmer cooperatives face new opportunities and challenges.However,there are still some problems and risks that need to be solved in the process of the rapid development of farmer specialized cooperatives.Both the change of external environment and the shortage of social capital are the significant factors that restrict the development of cooperatives.This paper makes an in-depth research of three cooperatives from the perspective of social capital theory.Through field investigation and analysis of typical cases of current cooperatives,it is foundthat there are differences in the characteristics of social capital with social network system,norms and trust,which have important influence on cooperative behavior and the development of cooperatives.Therefore,the key issue is to clarify the role of social capital in the process of cooperatives development,and then find the way to accumulate the social capital and improve the institutional environment for promoting cooperation and participation.