82例维持性血液透析患者牙周情况评估

Evaluations of Periodontal Tissue Conditions in 82 Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

目的研究接受维持性血液透析的慢性肾衰竭患者的牙周组织健康状况及与其全身状况的相关性,从而为此类患者提供有效的治疗与预防依据。方法选取2020年5月至2021年5月于天津医科大学第二医院肾脏内科维持性血液透析患者,符合入选标准者共82例,并将健康人82名作为对照组。首先通过调查问卷收集纳入人群的基线资料,同时采用社区牙周指数(community periodontal index,CPI)、简化口腔卫生指数(simplified oral hygiene index,OHI-S)以及牙周附着丧失指数(attachment loss,AL)评价口腔卫生状况和牙周组织健康状况。结果单因素分析显示两组患者在吸烟饮酒情况、日刷牙次数、刷牙时长、牙龈出血情况、牙线使用状况与是否合并糖尿病等因素比较比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进一步进行牙周组织检查发现,接受维持性血液透析的慢性肾功能衰竭患者的OHI-S、CPI及AL程度较健康人严重,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论接受维持性血液透析的慢性肾衰患者口腔卫生状况差,患牙周炎概率更高。对于吸烟饮酒、每日刷牙次数与时长低以及合并糖尿病的此类患者更应密切注意对其口腔卫生给予合理指导,避免其牙周病病情加重。

Objective To study the periodontal tissue health status of chronic renal failure patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis and its correlation with their systemic status,so as to provide effective basis for treatment and prevention of such patients.Methods A total of 82 patients with maintenance hemodialysis in the Department of Nephrology,the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from May 2020 to May 2021 were selected,and a total of 82 healthy patients were selected as the control group.First,the baseline data of the included population were collected through a questionnaire.At the same time,the community periodontal index(CPI),simplified oral health index(OHI-S)and periodontal attachment loss index(AL)were used to evaluate the oral health status and periodontal tissue health status.Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in smoking and drinking,daily brushing times,brushing duration,gingival bleeding,floss use,diabetes mellitus and other factors(P<0.05).Further periodontal tissue examination showed that the degree of OHI-S,CPI and AL in patients with chronic renal failure receiving maintenance hemodialysis was more serious than that in healthy people,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The oral health status of chronic renal failure patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis is poor,and the probability of periodontitis is higher.For such patients with smoking and drinking,low daily brushing times and duration and combined diabetes,more attention should be paid to give reasonable guidance on oral health to avoid the aggravation of periodontal disease.