新疆生态承载力及其障碍因子分析

Analysis of ecological carrying capacity and obstacle factors in Xinjiang,China

为推进新疆生态环境治理体系和治理能力现代化,实现新疆经济的可持续发展。本文运用DPSIR评价模型对新疆2005—2020年的生态承载力进行评价,通过障碍度模型与GIS空间数据结合分析新疆生态承载力的障碍因子。研究发现:考察期内,新疆生态承载力总体呈上升趋势,新疆生态承载力状态、驱动力、影响、响应指数呈波动上升趋势,但压力指数下降速度较快;通过障碍度分析,影响新疆生态承载力的障碍指标依次是水土流失治理面积、环境治理投资总额、第三产业比重、农用地膜使用量、农用化肥施用量。基于此提出要加大生态环境治理投资,提升生态环境治理能力;加大农业绿色生产方式补偿力度,推动新疆农业绿色可持续发展;加快发展第三产业,优化产业结构。

To modernize Xinjiang's ecological and environmental governance system and governance capacity and achieve sustainable economic development in Xinjiang.In this study,the DPSIR evaluation model was used to evaluate the ecological carrying capacity of Xinjiang from 2005 to 2020,and the obstacles to Xinjiang's ecological carrying capacity were analyzed by combining the barrier model with GIS spatial data.During the investigation period,the ecological carrying capacity of Xinjiang showed an overall upward trend,and the ecological carrying capacity status,impact,and response index of Xinjiang showed a fluctuating upward trend,but the pressure index fell rapidly.According to the analysis,the obstacles affecting Xinjiang's ecological carrying capacity are the area of soil erosion control,the total investment in environmental treatment,the proportion of tertiary industries,the amount of agricultural mulch used,and the amount of agricultural fertilizer application.Based on this,we propose increasing investments in ecological environment governance and improving its capabilities.The second is to increase the compensation for green agricultural production methods and promote the green and sustainable development of Xinjiang's agriculture.The third is to accelerate the development of tertiary industries and optimize their industrial structure.