模拟失重实验动物模型的建立与评价

Establishment and evaluation of experimental animal models simulating weightlessness

随着航天技术不断发展,航天员太空飞行的时长不断增加。研究发现,航天失重环境可能会使航天员的生理和心理发生一定变化,对航天员的身体健康产生一些影响。为探究这些影响的机制并找出合理的对抗措施,使用实验动物建立模拟失重模型进行深入的研究至关重要,选择与人体组织器官、生理机能和习性相似的实验动物建立模拟失重模型,能更好地帮助相关研究。失重模型应参照能否模拟出由于失重引起心血管骨骼、肌肉等主要系统的变化,来评估模拟失重模型是否成功建立。本文对现有的地面模拟失重动物模型建立和相关研究情况进行了概述,以期为开展相关研究工作提供参考借鉴。

Since the first space flights,the number of hours astronauts spend flying in space has increased.Studies have found that the weightlessness of space causes physiological and psychological changes in astronauts that influence their physical health.To explore the mechanisms of these effects and to identify reasonable countermeasures,it is essential to establish effective experimental animal models for simulating weightlessness and conduct in⁃depth studies.A successful weightlessness simulation model should mimic the changes that occur to major systems in humans,such as cardiovascular,bone,and muscle,due to weightlessness.This paper provides an overview of the existing ground⁃based weightlessness simulation models and related research to provide a rational strategy for the evaluation of weightlessness simulation models.