民国时期的渔业政策和对南海渔权的维护

Fishery Policies and Protection of the Fishery Rights in the South China Sea in the Republic of China Period

进入20世纪后,渔业制度在民国时期取得了较大的进步,对维护民族权益起到了一定作用。北京政府和南京国民政府先后颁布了《渔业条例》《渔业法》和《渔会法》,并在某些沿海省份得到初步贯彻和实施,标志着中国渔业制度正式颁布和施行。这在中国渔业制度发展史上具有里程碑的意义。然而,列强持续侵犯中国领海主权,不平等条约依然是中国渔业受侵扰的根本原因之一。法、日等国纷纷侵扰南海诸岛,掠夺南海渔业资源。中国渔民在捍卫南海诸岛主权、渔权的斗争中,发挥了积极的历史作用。

Since the 20th century,the fishery system had made great progress in the Republic of China period,which played a certain role in safeguarding national rights and interests.The Beijing Government and the National Government of Nanjing successively promulgated Fishery Regulations,Fishery Law and Fishery Association Law,which were preliminarily implemented in some coastal provinces,marking the official promulgation and implementation of China’s fishery system.This was a milestone in the history of China’s fishery system.However,the major powers continued to encroach on China’s territorial sea sovereignty,and the unequal treaties remained one of the fundamental reasons for the invasion of China’s fisheries.France,Japan and other countries invaded the islands in the South China Sea and plundered fishery resources in the South China Sea.Chinese fishermen played an active historical role in the struggle to defend the sovereignty and fishery rights of the South China Sea islands.