质子交换膜燃料电池电堆封装设计综述

Review on Packaging Design for PEMFC Stacks

为了保证质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)电堆的输出性能、密封性、可靠性和使用寿命,需要对电堆的封装力和封装结构进行理论计算和设计优化。通过建立PEMFC电堆的等效刚度力学模型及相关经验公式,研究了膜电极组件(MEA)接触电阻、气体扩散层(GDL)孔隙率、电堆密封性和抗冲击性与电堆封装力之间的关系。针对电堆封装力的有限元仿真,研究了基于等效面积和等效刚度的仿真优化方法。最后,阐述了电堆封装结构设计方法和结构优化方法。结果表明,基于等效刚度力学模型和经验公式,可以在较短的时间内完成电堆封装力的理论计算,提高了开发效率。同时,采用有限元仿真方法,可以较为准确和直观地完成电堆封装力的设计优化。采用拓扑优化和封装力自补偿计算方法,提高了电堆封装结构设计的合理性。

In order to ensure the output performance,sealing,reliability and service life of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC)stack,theoretical calculation and design optimization of the packaging force and packaging structure of the stack are required.By establishing the equivalent stiffness mechanical model and relevant empirical formula of PEMFC stack,the relationships between the contact resistance of Membrane Electrode Assembly(MEA),the porosity of Gas Diffusion Layer(GDL),the sealing and impact resistance of the stack and the packaging force of the stack are studied.For the finite element simulation of the packaging force of the stack,the simulation optimization method based on the equivalent area and equivalent stiffness is studied.Finally,the design method and structure optimization method of the stack packaging structure are elaborated.The results show that based on the equivalent stiffness mechanical model and empirical formula,the theoretical calculation of the packaging force of the stack can be completed in a relatively short time,and the development efficiency is improved.At the same time,the finite element simulation method can be more accurate and intuitive to complete the design and optimization of the packaging force of the stack.Topology optimization and self compensation calculation method of packaging force are adopted to improve the rationality of packaging structure design.