油(燃)气管道类工程穿越湿地保护区的生态影响评价

Ecological Environment Impact and Protection Measures of Oil and Gas Pipeline Project Crossing Wetland Reserve

【目的】研究油(燃)气管道类线性工程穿越自然保护地时对其生态环境和野生动植物资源造成的影响。【方法】以北京燃气天津南港LNG应急储备项目外输管道工程为案例,采用野外调查、专题调查和层次分析法等手段,研究线性工程对自然保护地可能造成的影响进行系统评价。【结果】管道线性工程对天津市北大港湿地自然保护区的综合影响评价指数(EI)为0.123,低于0.200。根据影响评价分类标准表明该项目对保护区的生态影响为轻度。其中,对栖息地影响评分为0.248,对保护管理人力资本影响评分为0.220,根据打分标准,该项目实施对这一区域的野生动物栖息地有潜在威胁,并一定程度增加了保护管理成本。【结论】科学开展建设项目前期生态影响评价,通过量化影响程度、提出恢复与保护措施,能够有效减轻可能产生的负面作用,切实维护好该区域生态系统稳定性和生物多样性水平。该研究可为今后类似工程的实施提供有价值的参考。

【Objective】This paper aims to study the impact of oil(gas)pipeline linear engineering crossing the natural reserves on their ecological environment and wildlife resources.【Method】Taking the Pipeline of Beijing Gas Tianjin Nangang LNG Emergency Reserve Project as an example,the possible impact of pipeline linear engineering on the ecological environment of the reserve was investigated and evaluated by fi eld investigation,thematic investigation and analytic hierarchy process.【Result】The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation index(EI)of pipeline linear engineering on Beidagang Wetland Nature Reserve in Tianjin was 0.123,lower than 0.200.According to the classification criteria of impact assessment,the ecological impact of the project on the reserve is mild.Among them,the score of impact on habitat is 0.248,and the score of impact on human capital of conservation management is 0.220.According to the standards and criteria for scoring,the implementation of this project has the potential to threaten the wildlife habitat in the area and to increase the cost of conservation management.【Conclusion】Scientific pre-construction ecological impact assessment of construction projects,by quantifying the degree of impact,and proposing restoration and protection measures,can effectively reduce the possible negative effects,and effectively maintain the stability of the regional ecosystem and biodiversity level.This study can provide very valuable reference for the similar projects implementation in the future.