论检察机关提起公益诉讼的体系展开

On the Institutional Position of Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation

检察机关提起公益诉讼一方面是其履行法律监督机关的职责,与刑事检察、民事检察、行政检察一样,是新时代检察监督的一种具体形式即公益诉讼检察,具有法定性、必为性;另一方面毕竟是借助于人民法院的司法裁判权来履行法律监督职责,是具体的诉讼形式即检察公益诉讼,需要有相应的程序予以规范和保障。因此应立足于法律监督机关这个宪法定位,以公益诉讼检察和检察公益诉讼为纵横轴来理解和把握检察机关提起公益诉讼的制度创新。明确检察公益诉讼制度的体系位置,可以为推进检察机关提起公益诉讼制度的完善和实践发展奠定坚实的基础。

The public interest litigation which initiated by the procuratorial organ,is a specific form in fulfilling its procuratorial supervision.In general,public interest litigation prosecution is statutory and mandatory,which is similar to criminal prosecution,civil prosecution,and administrative prosecution.In the meanwhile,it is a specific form of litigation,because procuratorial organs perform the legal supervision duties through the jurisdiction.The procuratorial public interest litigation needs to be regulated and guaranteed by corresponding procedures.Therefore,to grasp the institutional innovation of the public interest litigation,the constitutional position of the legal supervision organs shall be regarded as the origin,with public interest litigation procuratorate and procuratorial public interest litigation as the vertical and horizontal axis.Only in this coordinate system,the institutional position of the procuratorial public interest litigation system could be understood.And then it would lay a solid foundation for promoting the improvement of the procuratorial organ initiating public interest litigation system and the development of practice.