NLRP3炎症小体对种植体植入的影响

Effects of NLRP3 on implants placement

核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白(NLRP)3炎症小体在种植体周围骨稳定的保持中发挥重要作用。NLRP3通过其下游的促炎性细胞因子白介素-1β和白介素-18,以及胱天蛋白酶-1介导的细胞焦亡,促进种植体周围骨吸收。通过抑制NLRP3炎症小体的产生可能有利于种植过程中提高患者的舒适度和种植后的骨稳定。种植体周围环境中存在的金属颗粒和菌斑可以激活NLRP3炎症小体进而促进骨吸收。已有研究多聚焦于骨科植入物周围骨组织和牙周炎,针对种植体周围炎的研究较少。本文就NLRP3炎症小体对种植体周围骨形成、骨吸收及种植体植入所致疼痛产生的影响展开综述,并对NLRP3炎症小体作为预防种植体周围炎的可能进行阐述。

Bone stability is precisely controlled by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation.When the balance is broken,the integrity of the bone structure will be destroyed.Inflammasomes are important protein complexes in response to pathogen-related molecular models or injury-related molecular models,which can promote the activation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and activate a local inflammatory response.NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein(NLRP) 3 inflammasome can promote bone resorption through the activation of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-18 and the induction of caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis.Inhibiting the production of NLRP3 inflammasome may be beneficial to improve comfort and bone stability.The presence of metal particles and microorganisms around implants can activate NLRP3 and promote bone absorption.NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in the maintenance of bone stability around implants,however,most studies focus on orthopedic implants and periodontitis.This article reviews the effects of NLRP3 inflammasome on bone formation,resorption and pain induced by implants,and the possibility of NLRP3 as a target for preventing peri-implantitis is discussed.