当代俄罗斯保守主义转向:成因、知识网络与核心理念

The Conservative Turn in Contemporary Russia:Causes,Intellectual Networks,and Core Ideas

俄罗斯的保守主义转向既是全球思潮大变动的重要组成部分,又是一种复杂、多层次的内生现象,具有鲜明的情境依赖性特征。始自21世纪初期的俄罗斯保守主义复兴现象是对20世纪90年代“自由主义革命”进程及其破坏性效应的一种自然反应,同时亦是政治精英与保守主义智识阶层和社会环境合力互动的结果。以2012年“社会—经济与政治研究所”基金会和智库“伊兹博尔斯克俱乐部”的成立为主要标志,不同性质的保守主义行为体成功实现重组,它们在认同建构、现代性与后现代性争论以及社会经济发展模式等核心议题上既存有共性,同时亦折射出不同程度的张力。

The conservative turn in Russia is both an important part of the global ideological change and a complex,multi-layered,endogenous phenomenon with distinctly context-dependent characteristics.The Russian conservative revival that began in the early 2000s was a natural reaction to the process of the"liberal revolution"of the 1990s and its destructive effects,but it was also the result of the interaction of the political elites with the conservative intelligentsia and the social environment.With the establishment of the Institute for Socio-Economic and Political Research and the think tank Izborsk Club in 2012 as the main symbols,conservative actors of different natures have successfully restructured,and they share commonalities around core issues such as identity construction,debates between modernity and post-modernity,and models of social and economic development,while at the same time reflecting different degrees of tensions.